Phyllotaxis from a Single Apical Cell

Véron, Elsa; Vernoux, Teva; Coudert, Yoan

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.014

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Through successive asymmetric divisions, the apical cell maintains itself and gives rise to merophytes, which divide to generate leaf initials and cells that produce stem tissues ( Figure 2A ). This cell-autonomous capacity to rotate cell division planes in 3D initiates the growth of upright leafy gametophores and underlies its spiral phyllotaxy ( Figure 2B ; Kamamoto et al, 2021 ; Véron et al, 2021 ). Similar to flowering plant meristems, leaf initial outgrowth and shoot apical cell function in mosses involve auxin and PIN-FORMED (PIN) mediated auxin transport but the precise mechanism of their action is unclear ( Bennett et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Leaf Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Morphogenesis: Insights From the Moss Physcomitrium patens

et al. 2021

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Specialized photosynthetic organs have appeared several times independently during the evolution of land plants. Phyllids, the leaf-like organs of bryophytes such as mosses or leafy liverworts, display a simple morphology, with a small number of cells and cell types and lack typical vascular tissue which contrasts greatly with flowering plants. Despite this, the leaf structures of these two plant types share many morphological characteristics. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of leaf morphogenesis in the model moss Physcomitrium patens, focusing on the underlying cellular patterns and molecular regulatory mechanisms. We discuss this knowledge in an evolutionary context and identify parallels between moss and flowering plant leaf development. Finally, we propose potential research directions that may help to answer fundamental questions in plant development using moss leaves as a model system.

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Section: Leaf Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Morphogenesis: Insights From the Moss Physcomitrium patens

et al. 2021

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“…The apical cells eventually arrest their proliferation, or terminally give rise to sexual organs (firstly antheridia, and later archegonia) under autumnal/spring conditions: short day (8 h), low light (20 μmol/m 2 /s) and low temperature (15°C) [24,25]. Despite the asynchronous development of male and female gametangia, this moss is self-fertilising, and thus tends to genetically self-isolate [26].…”

Section: Moss Morphology and Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Mosses: Accessible Systems for Plant Development Studies

Floriach-Clark¹,

Tang²,

Willemsen³

2022

Model Organisms in Plant Genetics

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Mosses are a cosmopolitan group of land plants, sister to vascular plants, with a high potential for molecular and cell biological research. The species Physcomitrium patens has helped gaining better understanding of the biological processes of the plant cell, and it has become a central system to understand water-to-land plant transition through 2D-to-3D growth transition, regulation of asymmetric cell division, shoot apical cell establishment and maintenance, phyllotaxis and regeneration. P. patens was the first fully sequenced moss in 2008, with the latest annotated release in 2018. It has been shown that many gene functions and networks are conserved in mosses when compared to angiosperms. Importantly, this model organism has a simplified and accessible body structure that facilitates close tracking in time and space with the support of live cell imaging set-ups and multiple reporter lines. This has become possible thanks to its fully established molecular toolkit, with highly efficient PEG-assisted, CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi transformation and silencing protocols, among others. Here we provide examples on how mosses exhibit advantages over vascular plants to study several processes and their future potential to answer some other outstanding questions in plant cell biology.

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“…The spatiotemporal patterns of organ initiation then emerge thanks to these inhibitory fields as a result of growth. Over the last two decades, auxin has been demonstrated to be the central regulator of phyllotaxis (reviewed in Shi and Vernoux 2019;Godin et al 2020;Véron et al 2020). Local auxin maxima trigger organ formation while auxin depletion around organs generates inhibitory fields.…”

Section: Initiation and Outgrowth Of Primordia In Peripheral Zone (Phyllotaxis) -"Arf5 Rules Them All"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin Does the SAMba: Auxin Signaling in the Shoot Apical Meristem

Pernisová

Vernoux

2021

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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Plants, in contrast to animals, are unique in their capacity to post-embryonically develop new organs due to the activity of stem cell populations, located in specialized tissues called meristems. Above ground, the shoot apical meristem generates aerial organs and tissues throughout plant life. It is well established that auxin plays a central role in the functioning of the shoot apical meristem. Auxin distribution in the meristem is not uniform and depends on the interplay between biosynthesis, transport, and degradation. Auxin maxima and minima are created, and result in transcriptional outputs that drive the development of new organs and contribute to meristem maintenance. To uncover and understand complex signalling networks such as the one regulating auxin responses in the shoot apical meristem remains a challenge. Here, we will discuss our current understanding and point to important research directions for the future.

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Phyllotaxis from a Single Apical Cell

Cited by 22 publications

References 79 publications

Leaf Morphogenesis: Insights From the Moss Physcomitrium patens

Leaf Morphogenesis: Insights From the Moss Physcomitrium patens

Mosses: Accessible Systems for Plant Development Studies

Auxin Does the SAMba: Auxin Signaling in the Shoot Apical Meristem

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