Phycocyanin and phycocyanobilin from<i>Spirulina platensis</i>protect against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress

Zheng, Jun; Inoguchi, Toyoshi; Sasaki, Satoshi; Maeda, Yasutaka; McCarty, Mark F.; Fujii, Masakazu; Ikeda, Noriko; Kobayashi, Kazuo; Sonoda, Noriyuki; Takayanagi, Ryoichi

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00648.2011

Cited by 182 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…One such enzymatic system is NADPH oxidase, which generates both free radicals and ROS during inflammation. 58,59 In conclusion, the protection afforded by S. maxima against the development of chronic inflammation is due to its antioxidant activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antioxidant Effect ofSpirulina (Arthrospira) maximaon Chronic Inflammation Induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant in Rats

Gutiérrez-Rebolledo¹,

Galár-Martínez²,

García-Rodríguez

et al. 2015

Journal of Medicinal Food

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One of the major mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation is the excessive production of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and therefore, oxidative stress. Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima has marked antioxidant activity in vivo and in vitro, as well as anti-inflammatory activity in certain experimental models, the latter activity being mediated probably by the antioxidant activity of this cyanobacterium. In the present study, chronic inflammation was induced through injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) in rats treated daily with Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima for 2 weeks beginning on day 14. Joint diameter, body temperature, and motor capacity were assessed each week. On days 0 and 28, total and differential leukocyte counts and serum oxidative damage were determined, the latter by assessing lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content. At the end of the study, oxidative damage to joints was likewise evaluated. Results show that S. maxima favors increased mobility, as well as body temperature regulation, and a number of circulating leukocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes in specimens with CFA-induced chronic inflammation and also protects against oxidative damage in joint tissue as well as serum. In conclusion, the protection afforded by S. maxima against development of chronic inflammation is due to its antioxidant activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antioxidant Effect ofSpirulina (Arthrospira) maximaon Chronic Inflammation Induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant in Rats

Gutiérrez-Rebolledo¹,

Galár-Martínez²,

García-Rodríguez

et al. 2015

Journal of Medicinal Food

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“…25,26 The third active compound selected, phycocyanobilin, is known for its antioxidant properties and may play an important role in bringing down the oxidative stress induced by the accumulation of immune complexes and their resulting inflammatory response. 27,28 In our docking experiments, we have tried to look at the affinity of these three selected active compounds to LXR and FXR during any direct interaction. We have tried to assess their binding to the nuclear receptors independently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of anti-tuberculosis drug induced oxidative stress in kidneys bySpirulina fusiformisin a rat model

Martin

Sabina

2016

Renal Failure

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Nephrotoxicity is a rare complication caused by anti-tuberculosis therapy-induced oxidative stress. The Cyanobacterium Spirulina fusiformis Voronikhin belonging to Oscillatoriaceae family is used traditionally as a source of antioxidants against oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of S. fusiformis in modifying isoniazid (INH) Histological examination of kidneys supported these findings. Results of the in silico analyses showed that selected active components of S. fusiformis interact with LXR and FXR and could be a possible mechanism of action. S. fusiformis rendered protection against anti-tuberculosis drugsinduced oxidative stress in kidney tissues of rats. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…These findings may be of some practical importance, in light of the discovery that the bilirubin homolog phycocyanobilin, a major component of cyanobacteria such as spirulina employed as foods, can mimic bilirubin's inhibitory impact on NADPH oxidase -likely accounting for many of the versatile antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of dietary spirulina documented in rodents [52][53][54]. This raises the prospect that ingestion of spirulina, or of phycocyanobilin-enriched spirulina extracts, might complement the utility of DHA in protecting the lungs of smokers.…”

Section: Complementary Protection From Spirulina?mentioning

confidence: 97%

DHA May Have a Profoundly Protective Impact on the Lungs of Smokers

Mf¹

2016

J Nutr Food Sci

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Evidence has accumulated over the last twenty years that smokers who frequently ingest fish are at lower risk for both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Plasma phospholipid levels of DHA, but not EPA, have been reported to correlate inversely with risk for COPD in smokers, suggesting that DHA may be primarily responsible for the apparent protection afforded to lungs of smokers by fish consumption. Meanwhile, evidence is emerging that certain metabolites of DHA -including 4 -hydroxy hexenal (4-HHE), 17 -oxo -DHA, and resolvin D1 -can activate Nrf2 -mediated transcription of heme oxygenase -1 and other antioxidant / cytoprotective enzymes. Since the oxidant stress imposed by cigarette smoke exposure could be expected to promote peroxidation of membrane DHA and hence boost production of 4 -HHE, DHA in lung membranes may in effect up-regulate the protective feedback mechanism whereby oxidative stress provokes Nrf2 -mediated induction of cytoprotective enzymes. DHA can also give rise to the autacoid resolvin D1, which, via activation of a receptor, suppresses NFkappaB activation and the consequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Resolvin D1 can also inhibit macrophage NADPH oxidase and promote an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in lung macrophages. Not surprisingly, inhalation of resolvin D1 has a marked anti-inflammatory impact on the lungs of mice exposed to tobacco smoke. These considerations help to rationalize the epidemiology linking fish consumption to lung health, and suggest that smokers who can't or won't quit their habit would be well advised to consume fish or DHA supplements regularly. Higher intakes of fruits and vegetables -likely in part because many of these contain Nrf2 -activating phytochemicals -likewise are associated with lower risk for COPD, and can be recommended for smokers.Keywords: COPD; Lung cancer; Fish; Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); 4 -hydroxy hexenal; Nrf2; Resolvin D1 Fish Consumption May Protect Smokers from COPDLimited but nonetheless compelling epidemiology has linked heavy dietary consumption of fresh fish to marked decreases in risk for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among smokers. The first key evidence in this regard emerged in 1994. Shahar et al.[1] studied subjects enrolled in the prospective Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, who had received a dietary assessment and a physical exam including lung spirometry, and had been questioned regarding lung symptoms [1]. COPD was defined by three separate criteria: self -reported symptoms of chronic bronchitis, physician diagnosis of emphysema, and via spirometry (FEV1 < 65% of predicted value). When risk for COPD was compared between the first and fourth quartiles of estimated daily intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), relative risk for COPD in the fourth quartile (mean omega-3 intake 480 mg) after appropriate multivariate adjustments was found to be 0.66 (95% CI 0.52 -0.85), 0.31 (CI 0.18 -0.52), and 0.50 (CI 0.32...

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Phycocyanin and phycocyanobilin fromSpirulina platensisprotect against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress

Cited by 182 publications

References 31 publications

Antioxidant Effect ofSpirulina (Arthrospira) maximaon Chronic Inflammation Induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant in Rats

Antioxidant Effect ofSpirulina (Arthrospira) maximaon Chronic Inflammation Induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant in Rats

Amelioration of anti-tuberculosis drug induced oxidative stress in kidneys bySpirulina fusiformisin a rat model

DHA May Have a Profoundly Protective Impact on the Lungs of Smokers

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