Phthalate monoesters in perfusate from a dual placenta perfusion system, the placenta tissue and umbilical cord blood

Mose, Tina; Mortensen, G.K.; Hedegaard, Morten; Knudsen, Lisbeth E.

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.08.006

Cited by 124 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As with BPA, isotopically labelled phthalate diester and metabolite standards are instrumental in metabolism experiments using mass spectrometry detection to exclude the omnipresent phthalate background exposure. Unless the monoesters are isotopically labelled, in blood and matrices other than urine, the concentrations of hydrolytic monoesters even though they can be determined accurately may include an unknown contribution from hydrolysis of contaminant phthalates by endogenous esterases (Kato et al 2003(Kato et al , 2006Calafat et al 2004b;Mose et al 2007). Therefore, the use of (unlabelled) hydrolytic monoesters as biomarkers of exposure in blood (also umbilical cord blood, placental tissue, mother's milk, amniotic fluid, meconium, saliva) generally should be avoided.…”

Section: Premises For Human Biomonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture

Koch

Calafat

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

518

348

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In the last decades, the availability of sophisticated analytical chemistry techniques has facilitated measuring trace levels of multiple environmental chemicals in human biological matrices (i.e. biomonitoring) with a high degree of accuracy and precision. As biomonitoring data have become readily available, interest in their interpretation has increased. We present an overview on the use of biomonitoring in exposure and risk assessment using phthalates and bisphenol A as examples of chemicals used in the manufacture of plastic goods. We present and review the most relevant research on biomarkers of exposure for phthalates and bisphenol A, including novel and most comprehensive biomonitoring data from Germany and the United States. We discuss several factors relevant for interpreting and understanding biomonitoring data, including selection of both biomarkers of exposure and human matrices, and toxicokinetic information.

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Section: Premises For Human Biomonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture

Koch

Calafat

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

518

348

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“…They are used as coating for pharmaceuticals or in personal care products, including cosmetics or perfumes [1]. High-molecular weight been found in amniotic fluid, placental tissue, cord blood and neonatal meconium [2][3][4][5][6]. During prenatal period there is a critical window for organ and system development when exposure to chemicals, at the level that is not dangerous for adults, may adversely affect morphology and functioning of the systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of environmental phthalate exposure on pregnancy duration and birth outcomes

Polańska¹,

Ligocka²,

Sobala³

et al. 2016

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of phthalate exposure on pregnancy duration and birth outcomes based on the Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL). Material and Methods: Phthalate exposure was determined by measuring 11 phthalate metabolites (mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), 3OH-mono-n-butyl phthalate (OH-MnBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono-hydroxy-iso-nonyl phthalate (MHiNP), mono-oxo-iso-nonyl phthalate (MOiNP), and mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP)) in the urine collected from 165 mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The following measures at birth were considered: gestational age, birth weight, length as well as head and chest circumference. Results: Pregnancy duration was inversely associated with natural log concentrations (μg/g creatinine) of MEP (standardized regression coefficient (β) = -0.2, p = 0.04) after adjustment for a variety of confounders. Significant impact of MOiNP on head circumference (β = -0.1, p = 0.05) was also observed. Conclusions: The study findings add further support to the hypothesis that phthalate exposure may be associated with shorter pregnancy duration and a decreased head circumference, and underscore importance of public health interventions to reduce that exposure.

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“…Phthalates are recognised to be endocrine disrupting chemicals with anti-androgenic properties (Lyche et al 2009). They cross the placenta to the developing fetus (Mose et al 2007, Adibi et al 2010 and are detectable in amniotic fluid (Huang et al 2009, Wittassek et al 2009). Post-natally, they can reach the newborn via breast milk (Main et al 2006a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of antenatal exposure to phthalates on subsequent female reproductive development in adolescence: a pilot study

Hart¹,

Doherty²,

Frederiksen³

et al. 2014

Reproduction

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We hypothesised that antenatal exposure to ubiquitous phthalates may lead to an earlier menarche and a lower prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCO) in adolescence. The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study recruited 3000 women at 18 weeks of gestation in 1989-1991, 1377 had antenatal serum stored without thawing at K80 8C. An unselected subset was evaluated in the early follicular phase for PCO and PCOS by ultrasound and serum evaluation in adolescence. Serum was analysed for anti-Mü llerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, androstenedione and DHEAS. Four hundred microlitres of the frozen maternal serum underwent isotope-diluted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, with preceding enzymatic deconjugation followed by solid-phase extraction to determine phthalate exposure. Two hundred and forty four girls attended assessment and most common phthalate metabolites were detectable in the majority of the 123 samples available. Several phthalates were negatively associated with maternal SHBG, and associations with maternal androgens were less consistent. The sum of the metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was associated with a non-significant tendency towards an earlier age at menarche (PZ0.069). Uterine volume was positively associated with mono-(carboxy-iso-octyl) phthalate (PZ0.018). Exposure to monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and the sum of all phthalate metabolites (Sall phth.m) were protective against PCOS in adolescence (PZ0.001 and PZ0.005 respectively). There were negative associations of MEP with PCO (PZ0.022) and of MEP with serum AMH (PZ0.031). Consequently, our data suggest that antenatal exposure to environmental phthalates may be associated with oestrogenic and/or anti-androgenic reproductive effects in adolescent girls.

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Phthalate monoesters in perfusate from a dual placenta perfusion system, the placenta tissue and umbilical cord blood

Cited by 124 publications

References 34 publications

Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture

Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture

Effect of environmental phthalate exposure on pregnancy duration and birth outcomes

The influence of antenatal exposure to phthalates on subsequent female reproductive development in adolescence: a pilot study

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