Phthalate exposure from drugs during pregnancy and possible risk of preterm birth and small for gestational age

Broe, Anne; Pottegård, Anton; Hallas, Jesper; Ahern, Thomas P.; Lamont, Ronald F.; Damkier, Per

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.07.023

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Similar to DEHP and its metabolites, DnBP derivatives have also been posited to affect reproductive health [ 51 , 53 ] and in one study were detected in pregnant women across all three trimesters of gestation [ 71 ]. Given the association of phthalates with spontaneous pregnancy loss [ 72 ] and possible health consequences for offspring [ 73 ], protective strategies should be adopted among women of childbearing age. These strategies potentially include healthier food choices (e.g., organic foods [ 74 ] and folic acid supplementation [ 75 ]), although the efficacy of these preventive measures requires confirmation in clinical studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the link between phthalate exposure and endometriosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature

Conforti

Carbone

Simeon

et al. 2021

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Endometriosis is a chronic debilitating inflammatory pathology which interests females in their reproductive age. Its pathogenesis has not yet been clearly defined. Recent evidence linked chemical agents as endocrine-disrupting chemicals to endometriosis. Phthalates are a widely used class of such compounds. This study aimed to summarize the current literature evaluating the link between exposure to phthalates and occurrence of endometriosis. Methods A systematic review of literature and meta-analysis has been carried out following PRISMA guidelines to assess such link. Fourteen studies have been included in the review. Risk of bias has been assessed through the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results We observed association between endometriosis and increased urinary levels of MBP/MnBP, MEOHP, and MEHHP, but not for others. Blood-derived analysis showed statistically significant link between endometriosis and BBP, DEHP, DnBP, and MEHP. Conclusion Given the wide heterogeneity of included studies, results should be taken with caution. Further studies with more rigorous methodology are encouraged to unravel the true link between this class of toxic compounds and manifestation of endometriosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the link between phthalate exposure and endometriosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature

Conforti

Carbone

Simeon

et al. 2021

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…In a study involving 482 pregnancies, levels of maternal urinary DEHP metabolites were inversely associated with foetal growth parameters (femur length, head circumference and weight) [114]. Other authors found that phthalate exposure at the third trimester of gestation was positively linked to the risk of preterm birth as well [115]. Several studies have investigated the relationship between BPA exposure and pregnancy outcomes, with controversial results.…”

Section: Impact On Offspring: Short-term and Long-term Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol A and Phthalates in Diet: An Emerging Link with Pregnancy Complications

et al. 2020

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that are able to interfere with hormone action, likely contributing to the development of several endocrine and metabolic diseases. Among them, Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates contaminate food and water and have been largely studied as obesogenic agents. They might contribute to weight gain, insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in pregnancy, potentially playing a role in the development of pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and adverse outcomes. Pregnancy and childhood are sensitive windows of susceptibility, and, although with not univocal results, preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that exposure to BPA and phthalates at these stages of life might have an impact on the development of metabolic diseases even many years later. The molecular mechanisms underlying this association are largely unknown, but adipocyte and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are suspected to be involved. Remarkably, transgenerational damage has been observed, which might be explained by epigenetic changes. Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps and to provide preventive measure to limit health risks connected with exposure to EDCs.

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“…They found that MEHHP was associated with a significant reduction of 4.2 days of gestation in male infants (Weinberger et al, 2014). According to these investigations, several authors demonstrated an association between phthalate exposure with preterm birth (Bloom et al, 2019;Broe et al, 2019;Ferguson, Rosen, Rosario, et al, 2019;Gao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Preterm Birthmentioning

confidence: 95%

Update about the disrupting‐effects of phthalates on the human reproductive system

Mesquita

Lorigo

Cairrão

2021

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Phthalate esters are synthetic chemicals used in the plastic industry as plasticizers and consumable products. According to United Nations, about 400 million tons of plastic are produced every year. In parallel with increased production, the concerns about its effects on human health have increased because phthalates are endocrinedisrupting compounds. Humans are continuously exposed to phthalates through different routes of exposure. Experimental data have associated the phthalates exposure to adverse effects on development and reproduction in women (e.g., earlier puberty, primary ovarian insufficiency, endometriosis, preterm birth, or in vitro fertilization) and men (e.g., anogenital distance, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and changes in adult reproductive function) although there is no consensus. Therefore, one question arises: could the increase in infertility be related to phthalates exposure? To answer this question, we aimed to assess the disruptingeffects of phthalates on the human reproductive system. For this, we reviewed the current literature based on epidemiological and experimental data and experimental studies in humans. The phthalate effects were discussed in a separate mode for female and male reproductive systems. In summary, phthalates induce toxicity in the reproductive system and human development. The increased plastic production may be related to the increase in human infertility.

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Phthalate exposure from drugs during pregnancy and possible risk of preterm birth and small for gestational age

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Unravelling the link between phthalate exposure and endometriosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature

Unravelling the link between phthalate exposure and endometriosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature

Bisphenol A and Phthalates in Diet: An Emerging Link with Pregnancy Complications

Update about the disrupting‐effects of phthalates on the human reproductive system

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