Phthalate esters in bottled drinking water and their human exposure in Beijing, China

Li, Hui; Li, Chunmei; An, Lihui; Deng, Cunbao; Su, Hang; Wang, Lufang; Jiang, Zejun; Zhou, Jie; Wang, Jing; Zhang, Chenghui; Jin, Fen

doi:10.1080/19393210.2018.1495272

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Water samples were prepared for analysis of PAEs according to Li et al [10]. Bottled water (≈1.0 L) was passed through the preconditioned C18 column, and then the column was completely dried under nitrogen.…”

Section: Water Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phthalate Esters and Their Potential Risk in PET Bottled Water Stored under Common Conditions

Zhou

Lei

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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A great deal of attention has been paid lately to release of phthalate esters (PAEs) from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles into PET bottled drinking water due to their potential endocrine-disrupting effects. Three kinds of PAEs, including diethyl phthalate (DEP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), were detected in 10 popular brands of PET bottles in Beijing, ranging from 101.97 μg/kg to 709.87 μg/kg. Meanwhile, six kinds of PAEs, including DEP, DMP, DBP, n-butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were detected in PET bottled water, ranging from 0.19 μg/L to 0.98 μg/L, under an outdoor storage condition, while their concentrations ranged from 0.18 μg/L to 0.71 μg/L under an indoor storage condition. Furthermore, the concentrations of PAEs in brand D and E bottles were slightly increased when the storage time was prolonged. In addition, the concentrations of PAEs in commercial water contained in brand B and H bottles and pure water contained in brand E and G bottles were also slightly increased with the increase of storage temperature. Interestingly, DBP mainly contributed to the increased PAEs levels in simulation water. These results suggest that a part of the PAEs in PET bottled water originated from plastic bottles, which was related to the storage time and temperature. However, the PAEs in PET bottled water only pose a negligible risk to consumers if they follow the recommendations, such as storage at a common place (24 °C), away from sun and in a short period of time.

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Section: Water Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) according to Li et al [10]. The ion source temperature was set at 230 • C, and the interface temperature was maintained at 280 • C after a series of temperature-increasing processes.…”

Section: Paes Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalate Esters and Their Potential Risk in PET Bottled Water Stored under Common Conditions

Zhou

Lei

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…The maximum concentration of 2.738 μg/L was higher than Guo et al [32], Zaki [39], Keresztes et al [37], and Yang et al [40]. The concentrations of DMP ranged from 0.023 -0.053 μg/L, with a mean value (0.034 μg/L) (Table 4) lower than that reported by Li et al [38]. The maximum concentration of 0.053 μg/L was higher than Yang et al [40] but lower than Li et al [38] and Montuori et al [41].…”

Section: Fig 2 Concentration Of Paes In Ten Bottled Drinking Water Brands In Delta Statementioning

confidence: 51%

“…Among them, DBP had the highest total concentration (4.392 μg/L) making it the main contributor to PAEs in bottled drinking water in Delta State. It ranged from 0.402 to 2.378 μg/L (Table 4), accounting for 7.84 -53.87% of the total amount of the six EPA-controlled PAEs (5.13 μg/L) which is lower than previous reports [36,2,37,38]. The maximum concentration of 2.738 μg/L was higher than Guo et al [32], Zaki [39], Keresztes et al [37], and Yang et al [40].…”

Section: Fig 2 Concentration Of Paes In Ten Bottled Drinking Water Brands In Delta Statementioning

confidence: 62%

Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Acid Esters in Bottled Drinking Water from Selected Brands in Delta State, Southern Nigeria

Edjere

Ibezute

Oghama

2020

IRJPAC

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Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers. However, they have the potential to migrate from plastic materials into the environment where they pose detrimental health impacts. Hence, they have gained wide attention. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the distribution and health risk assessment of PAEs in different bottled drinking water brands in Delta State, Southern Nigeria. Samples were collected from ten (10) bottled drinking water brands across eight (8) local government areas of the State. The 6-EPA controlled PAEs (DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, DEHP and DNOP) and one uncontrolled PAEs (BEP) were investigated. The individual PAE concentrations ranged from 0.005 – 2.738 µg/L while the total concentration of PAEs in the different brands ranged from 0.023 - 4.361 µg/L. The predominant PAEs across the ten brands were DMP and BEP however DBP had the highest total concentration (4.392 μg/L) making it the main contributor to PAE levels in bottled drinking water brands. Analysis of variance showed no significant difference in the concentration of PAEs detected in the different bottled drinking water brands (p˃0.05). Health risk assessment indicated little non-carcinogenic risks from five controlled PAEs and little carcinogenic risk from DEHP. Continuous monitoring is however recommended to ensure than PAE levels in bottled drinking water remain within permissible limits. Our results therefore provides important information for the understanding of the distribution and potential health risks of PAEs in different bottled drinking water brands in Delta State.

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“…Actually, a negative impact on human health caused by the overuse of plastics bottles has been demonstrated [52][53][54]. Therefore, the awareness of the impacts produced by plastic, at human and environmental level, should bring people to adopt lifestyle choices in line with circular economy, limiting single-use plastic and promoting action to reduce, reuse, and lastly recycle the packaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PET-Bottled Water Consumption in View of a Circular Economy: The Case Study of Salento (South Italy)

et al. 2020

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Polyethylenterephtalate (PET) is the preferred packaging material in the bottled water industry and represents the main cause of waste production. This work investigated the drinking water consumption habits, with particular reference to PET-bottled water, of people living in the province of Lecce (Apulia Region, Southern Italy) by age and geographical groups. Their perception about the quality of tap water was also explored. The survey was performed by the administration of a questionnaire to 4137 citizens. Bottled mineral water was consumed by about the 90.4% of respondents with an average consumption of 387.7 L/year per capita (375.2 L/year in PET-bottles, 12.5 L/year in glass bottles). Public supply system was used by the 61.5% of respondents with an average consumption of 169.4 L/year per capita. The consumption of tap water was negatively related to the perception of its bad quality and the residence in a big city (Lecce); while it was positively associated with the age group ≤16 years old. Effective communications strategies must be developed in order to promote the consumption of tap water and implement good practice of circular economy.

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Phthalate esters in bottled drinking water and their human exposure in Beijing, China

Cited by 48 publications

References 34 publications

Phthalate Esters and Their Potential Risk in PET Bottled Water Stored under Common Conditions

Phthalate Esters and Their Potential Risk in PET Bottled Water Stored under Common Conditions

Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Acid Esters in Bottled Drinking Water from Selected Brands in Delta State, Southern Nigeria

PET-Bottled Water Consumption in View of a Circular Economy: The Case Study of Salento (South Italy)

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