Photovoltaic and field effect transistor performance of selenophene and thiophene diketopyrrolopyrrole co-polymers with dithienothiophene

Efficient red electroluminescence from diketopyrrolopyrrole copolymerised with a polyfluorene

“…These are chemically and thermally stable materials with optical properties tunable by para and meta position substituents. 32 They have found important industrial applications as dyes, such as pigment red 254 -known colloquially as "Ferrari red" for its extensive use in automotive paints -but their derivatives have also been investigated as photoluminescent materials 33,34 (including for cellular imaging 35 ), dyes in solar cells, 36 sensors, 37 high-mobility ambipolar semiconductors, 36,38 and light-emitting diodes. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Their use as solid-state emitters has, however, been limited by quenching of the emission by a strong propensity towards aggregation of molecules caused by π -π interactions and hydrogen bonding.…”

D–A copolymer with high ambipolar mobilities based on dithienothiophene and diketopyrrolopyrrole for polymer solar cells and organic field-effect transistors

“…In previous papers, some groups reported alternating copolymers [42] and random copolymers [43] of alkylated DTT and alkylated DPP. Other groups have published papers reporting alternating copolymers with nonalkylated DTT and alkylated DPP that showed high mobility and power conversion efficiency [37,38]. With these benefits of copolymers that use DTT and DPP, we synthesized our copolymer (PDTDP) using non-alkylated DTT and alkylated DPP and investigated the ambipolar charge-transport and photovoltaic properties.…”

“…, which is a sulfur-rich electron donor unit and has structural rigidity in p-conjugated systems due to its fused chemical structure [36][37][38][39][40][41]. In this respect, DTT-based materials have shown high charge-carrier mobilities in small molecules [39] as well as in conjugated polymers [40,41].…”

“…DPP has two possible sites that can introduce a bulky alkyl chain for proper solubility. Therefore, DPP-based polymers synthesized with an electron donor unit show a high charge-carrier mobility in both unipolar [19][20][21][22][23][24] and ambipolar [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] OFETs and high efficiency in PSCs [35][36][37][38]. To enhance the intermolecular interaction of the polymer backbone, we introduced the electron donor, dithieno [3,2-…”

Diketopyrrolopyrrole-tellurophene polymer for fast, selective, and reversible detection of bromine in solution, vapor, and solid states: A systematic study

“…Electron deficient DPP is widely used in the successful synthesis of low band-gap polymers with group 16 elements, particularly those based on sulfur (S) and selenium (Se) [7][8][9][10]. Because S and Se have many similarities, the properties of many polyselenophenes are similar or even superior to those of the analogous polythiophenes [11,12].…”