Photosynthetic apparatus plays a central role in photosensitive physiological acclimations affecting spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growth in response to blue and red photon flux ratios

Agarwal, Avinash; Gupta, S. Dutta; Barman, Monica; Mitra, Adinpunya

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.09.009

Cited by 41 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Liu et al (2018) observed that dry weight of cherry tomato seedlings increased first as red fraction increased from 0% to 50%, and then decreased as red fraction increased from 50% to 75%. Similar trends were also found in spinach (Agarwal et al, 2018). Spinach fresh weights increased as red fraction increased from 0% to 50% and then decreased as red fraction increased from 50% to 75%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Growth, Nutritional Quality, and Energy Use Efficiency of Hydroponic Lettuce as Influenced by Daily Light Integrals Exposed to White versus White Plus Red Light-emitting Diodes

Yan¹,

He²,

Niu³

et al. 2019

horts

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Few researchers examined different red light amounts added in white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with varied daily light integrals (DLIs) for hydroponic lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). In this study, effects of DLI and LED light quality (LQ) on growth, nutritional quality, and energy use efficiency of hydroponic lettuce were investigated in a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL). Hydroponic lettuce plants (cv. Ziwei) were grown for 20 days under 20 combinations of five levels of DLIs at 5.04, 7.56, 10.08, 12.60, and 15.12 mol·m−2·d−1 and four LQs: two kinds of white LEDs with red to blue ratio (R:B ratio) of 0.9 and 1.8, and two white LEDs plus red chips with R:B ratio of 2.7 and 3.6, respectively. Results showed that leaf and root weights and power consumption based on fresh and dry weights increased linearly with increasing DLI, and light and electrical energy use efficiency (LUE and EUE) decreased linearly as DLI increased. However, no statistically significant differences were found in leaf fresh and dry weights and nitrate and vitamin C contents between DLI at 12.60 and 15.12 mol·m−2·d−1. Also, no effects of LQ on leaf dry weight of hydroponic lettuce were observed at a DLI of 5.04 mol·m−2·d−1. White plus red LEDs with an R:B ratio of 2.7 resulted in higher leaf fresh weight than the two white LEDs. LUE increased by more than 20% when red light fraction increased from 24.2% to 48.6%. In summary, white plus red LEDs with an R:B ratio of 2.7 at DLI at 12.60 mol·m−2·d−1 were recommended for commercial hydroponic lettuce (cv. Ziwei) production in PFALs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Growth, Nutritional Quality, and Energy Use Efficiency of Hydroponic Lettuce as Influenced by Daily Light Integrals Exposed to White versus White Plus Red Light-emitting Diodes

Yan¹,

He²,

Niu³

et al. 2019

horts

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“…However, vegetables such as spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) showed more tolerance to Cr stress when irrigated on Cr-contaminated soil [5,11,30]. Spinacia oleracea is a worldwide cultivated vegetable crop because of its relative high growth rates, its increased production of biomass and its use of heavy metals and other important soil nutrients [31,32]. Furthermore, S. oleracea has been extensively investigated on the basis of these distinctive features to analyze its growth performance and stress responses to various heavy metals [11,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron–Lysine Mediated Alleviation of Chromium Toxicity in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants in Relation to Morpho-Physiological Traits and Iron Uptake When Irrigated with Tannery Wastewater

et al. 2020

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Chromium (Cr) is among the most widespread toxic trace elements found in agricultural soils due to various anthropogenic activities. However, the role of micronutrient-amino chelates on reducing Cr toxicity in crop plants was recently introduced. In the current experiment, the exogenous application of micronutrients [iron (Fe)] chelated with amino acid [lysine (lys)] was examined, using an in vivo approach that involved plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gaseous exchange parameters, oxidative stress indicators and antioxidant response. The uptake and accumulation of Fe and Cr were determined under different levels of tannery wastewater (33, 66, 100%) used along with the exogenous supplementation of Fe-lys (5 mM) to Spinacia oleracea plants. Results revealed that tannery wastewater in the soil decreased plant growth and growth-related attributes, photosynthetic apparatus and Fe contents in different parts of the plants. In contrast, the addition of different levels of tannery wastewater to the soil significantly increased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and electrolyte leakage (EL), which induced oxidative damage in the roots and leaves of S. oleracea plants. However, S. oleracea plants increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), which scavenge the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cr toxicity can be overcome by the supplementation of Fe-lys, which significantly increased plant growth and biomass, improved photosynthetic machinery and increased the activities of different antioxidative enzymes, even in the plants grown under different levels of tannery wastewater in the soil. Furthermore, the supplementation of Fe-lys increased the contents of essential nutrients (Fe) and decreased the contents of Cr in all plant parts compared to the plants cultivated in tannery wastewater without application of Fe-lys. In conclusion, the application of Fe-lys is an innovative approach to mitigate Cr stress in spinach plants, which not only increased plant growth and biomass but also decreased the Cr contents in different plant organs.

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“…In addition, chlorophyll content [5] , fresh weight [8] , and nutritional quality [8,9] of plants exposed to combination of red and blue lights were higher compared with monochrome red light. Therefore, suitable light quality provide by mixed red and blue lights were widely examined by previous studies in lettuce [5,10,11] , sweet basil [12] , pak choi [13] , and spinach [14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, nutritional quality, and energy use efficiency in two lettuce cultivars as influenced by white plus red versus red plus blue LEDs

Yan

Niu

et al. 2020

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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Red plus blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are commonly applied in plant factories with artificial lighting due to photosynthetic pigments, which absorb strongly in red and blue light regions of the spectrum. However, plants grown under natural environment are used to utilizing broad-wide spectrum by long-term evolution. In order to examine the effects of addition light added in red plus blue LEDs or white LEDs, green and purple leaf lettuces (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Lvdie and Ziya) were hydroponically cultivated for 20 days under white LEDs, white plus red LEDs, red plus blue LEDs, and red plus blue LEDs supplemented with ultraviolet, green or far-red light, respectively. The results indicated that the addition of far-red light in red plus blue LEDs increased leaf fresh and dry weights of green leaf lettuce by 28% and 34%, respectively. Addition of ultraviolet light did not induce any differences in growth and energy use efficiency in both lettuce cultivars, while supplementing green light with red plus blue LEDs reduced the vitamin C content of green leaf lettuce by 44% and anthocyanin content of purple leaf lettuce by 30% compared with red plus blue LEDs, respectively. Spectral absorbencies of purple leaf lettuce grown under red plus blue LEDs supplemented with green light were lower in green light region compared with those grown under red plus blue LEDs, which was associated with anthocyanin contents. White plus red LEDs significantly increased leaf fresh and dry weights of purple leaf lettuce by 25%, and no significant differences were observed in vitamin C and nitrate contents compared with white LEDs. Fresh weight, light and electrical energy use efficiencies of hydroponic green and purple leaf lettuces grown under white plus red LEDs were higher or no significant differences compared with those grown under red plus blue LEDs. In conclusion, white plus red LEDs were suggested to substitute for red plus blue LEDs in hydroponic lettuce (cv. Lvdie and Ziya) production in plant factories with artificial lighting.

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Photosynthetic apparatus plays a central role in photosensitive physiological acclimations affecting spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growth in response to blue and red photon flux ratios

Cited by 41 publications

References 65 publications

Growth, Nutritional Quality, and Energy Use Efficiency of Hydroponic Lettuce as Influenced by Daily Light Integrals Exposed to White versus White Plus Red Light-emitting Diodes

Growth, Nutritional Quality, and Energy Use Efficiency of Hydroponic Lettuce as Influenced by Daily Light Integrals Exposed to White versus White Plus Red Light-emitting Diodes

Iron–Lysine Mediated Alleviation of Chromium Toxicity in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants in Relation to Morpho-Physiological Traits and Iron Uptake When Irrigated with Tannery Wastewater

Growth, nutritional quality, and energy use efficiency in two lettuce cultivars as influenced by white plus red versus red plus blue LEDs

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