Photosensitizing anthraquinones from  Heterophyllaea lycioides  (Rubiaceae)

Dimmer, Jesica Ayelen; Montoya, Susana C. Núñez; Mendoza, Caterine S.; Cabrera, José Luis

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.02.003

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Froelichia humboldtiana were mentioned with phototoxic effects; however, the toxin is unknown (Souza et al 2012;Santos et al 2017). Recently, the presence of anthraquinones in Heterophyllaea lycioides, another species of this genus, has been identified (Dimmer et al 2017). However, the registry of their toxicity is scarce.…”

Section: Inflammatory Response Of Neutrophils and Lymphocytes Was Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous photosensitization by Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae), in sheep from Northwestern Argentina

Micheloud

Caro

Comini

et al. 2017

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) is a phototoxic plant. It grows in the Andean area of northwest of Argentina, and it causes significant economic losses in the livestock. This plant induces dermal lesions by photosensitization probably due to its content of photosensitizing anthraquinones. This paper describes an outbreak of poisoning in Corriedale sheepfold, which had an incidence of 49%. Ear skin biopsies and blood samples were collected of six affected animals. Liver enzymes remained within the reference limits. Histopathologically, a deep necrotizing dermatitis was identified in all samples. H. pustulata was identified in the areas of grazing. Anthraquinone concentration in leaves was 0.84% p/p, expressed as rubiadin. All findings allow us to conclude that the diagnosis is a primary photosensitization. Huge regional economic losses could be attributed to H. pustulata poisoning, although its toxicity has been little studied.

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Section: Inflammatory Response Of Neutrophils and Lymphocytes Was Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous photosensitization by Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae), in sheep from Northwestern Argentina

Micheloud

Caro

Comini

et al. 2017

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Based on our data, we could demonstrate that the botanical families a) Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Cegadera) -(Rubiaceae) [122,[125][126][127] b) Heterophyllaea lycioides (Rusby) Sandwith -(Rubiaceae) [122] a) Argentina (Jujuy, Salta and Tucuman prov- Heterophyllaea lycioides (Rusby) Sandwith -(Rubiaceae) [122] West of South America…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Phototoxic Plants, Their Phototoxic Metabolites, and Possible Developments as Photosensitizers

Petit,

Izambart,

Guillou

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding phototoxic terrestrial plants and their phototoxic and photosensitizing metabolites. Within the 435,000 land plant species, only around 250 vascular plants have been documented as phototoxic or implicated in phototoxic occurrences in humans and animals. This work compiles a comprehensive catalog of these phototoxic plant species, organized alphabetically based on their taxonomic family. The dataset encompasses meticulous details including taxonomy, geographical distribution, vernacular names, and information on the nature and structure of their phototoxic and photosensitizing molecule(s). Subsequently, this study undertook an in‐depth investigation into phototoxic molecules, resulting in the compilation of a comprehensive and up‐to‐date list of phytochemicals exhibiting phototoxic or photosensitizing activity synthesized by terrestrial plants. For each identified molecule, an extensive review was conducted, encompassing discussions on its phototoxic activity, chemical family, occurrence in plant families or species, distribution within different plant tissues and organs, as well as the biogeographical locations of the producer species worldwide. The analysis also includes a thorough discussion on the potential use of these molecules for the development of new photosensitizers that could be used in topical or injectable formulations for antimicrobial and anticancer phototherapy as well as manufacturing of photoactive devices.

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“…Anthraquinones present in the fruits and seeds of Chamaecrista fasciculata and Chamaecrista nictitans can cause irritation of the digestive tract when ingested in large amounts by cattle and sheep, although these disorders are often rapid and self-limiting [ 19 ]. It is important to remember that anthraquinones have also been isolated from Heterophyllaea pustulata and Heterophyllaea lycioides, plants that are known to cause primary photosensitization and eye lesions in sheep in Argentina, where the disease is popularly known as “cegadeira” (causing blindness) [ 16 , 20 ]. In the present study, no digestive changes were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the eye and eyelid lesions observed in Ov2 were attributed to self-inflicted trauma because of severe pruritus. Thus, it seems that in C. serpens intoxication, there are no primary eye lesions (corneal edema, keratoconjunctivitis and blindness), as occurs in cases of primary photosensitization caused by plants that have furocoumarins or anthraquinones as a toxic component [ 16 , 20 , 22 ]. Additionally, in C. serpens poisoning, only skin lesions were observed, as in the case of photosensitization attributed to naphthodianthrones [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Photosensitization by Chamaecrista serpens in Santa Inês Sheep

Mendonça

Caymmi

Silva

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study aimed to clarify the type of photosensitization induced by C. serpens and to verify if the plant remains toxic after being collected and stored. Eight crossbred sheep, aged between 6 and 36 months, were divided into three groups (G1 to G3). Over 30 days, daily, G1 received an exclusive diet of C. serpens, and G2 and G3 received 10 g/kg/BW and 20 g/kg/BW, respectively. Two other sheep were used as controls (CG). Before administration, the plant had been harvested every 15 days. Liver biopsies and blood samples were taken from all sheep on day zero and weekly. All sheep that received the plant developed clinical signs of photosensitization, and no changes were observed in the serum activities of AST and GGT. On day 30, all sheep except Ov1 from G1 and Ov7 were euthanized and necropsied. All sheep that received the plant developed clinical signs. Macroscopic or histologic lesions were not observed in the liver. Ov 1 recovered 13 days after the end of ingestion. These results demonstrated that C. serpens causes primary photosensitization. It is advisable to avoid grazing on pastures invaded by the plant or to remove them from the pastures immediately after observing the first signs.

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Photosensitizing anthraquinones from Heterophyllaea lycioides (Rubiaceae)

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Spontaneous photosensitization by Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae), in sheep from Northwestern Argentina

Spontaneous photosensitization by Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae), in sheep from Northwestern Argentina

A Review of Phototoxic Plants, Their Phototoxic Metabolites, and Possible Developments as Photosensitizers

Primary Photosensitization by Chamaecrista serpens in Santa Inês Sheep

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