Photosensitization in naïve sheep grazing signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) under full sunlight or a silvopastoral system

Lelis, Daiana Lopes; Rennó, L. N.; Chizzotti, M. L.; Pereira, Carlos Eduardo; Silva, J.C.P.; Moreira, L.G.T.; Carvalho, F.B.P.; Chizzotti, Fernanda Helena Martins

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.08.018

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The content of protodioscin-the main saponin associated with intoxication and used as an indicator of photosensitization in animals (Lelis et al, 2018)-in the cultivars was low when compared with those described in studies with cultivars of the genus Brachiaria (Faccin et al, 2014;Porto et al, 2013;Leal et al, 2016Leal et al, , 2020. In Brachiaria spp., Melo et al (2018) found that protodioscin levels between 3 and 13 g/kg DM caused intoxication in lactating lambs.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Production Potential and Quality of Panicum maximum Cultivars Established in a Semi-Arid Environment

Pereira

Difante

Ítavo

et al. 2022

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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This study was conducted to examine the forage production potential and quality of Panicum maximum cultivars in a semi-arid environment, in four different periods. Six cultivars were evaluated: Aruana, Massai, Mombasa, BRS Tamani, Tanzania, and BRS Zuri. The experiment was laid out in a randomized-block design with four replicates, and assessments took place in four different periods (establishment, dry season, transition, and rainy season). Forage accumulation rate (FAR), chemical composition, digestibility, and in vitro rumen degradation kinetics were evaluated. There was an interaction effect between cultivars and evaluation periods for all variables, except dry matter (DM) content. The highest FAR occurred in cvs. BRS Tamani (47.0 kg DM/ha/day) and BRS Zuri (86.9 kg DM/ha/day) in the establishment and rainy periods, respectively, while cv. Aruana showed the lowest FAR (14.5 kg DM/ha/day). The highest crude protein contents were found in cv. BRS Tamani in the transition period; cv. BRS Zuri in the dry season; and cv. Tanzania in the rainy season (128.2, 116.7, and 95.0 g/kg DM, respectively). Cultivar Aruana showed the highest average in vitro dry matter digestibility (810.0 g/kg DM). Cultivars Aruana and Zuri exhibited the highest means of the total in vitro gas production (23.59 and 20.24 mL/100 mg DM, respectively). Cultivars BRS Tamani and BRS Zuri had the best response in terms of forage accumulation and nutritional value. The quality of cv. Massai remained constant throughout the year. All Panicum maximum cultivars evaluated here have the potential for use in animal production systems in a semi-arid environment.

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Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Production Potential and Quality of Panicum maximum Cultivars Established in a Semi-Arid Environment

Pereira

Difante

Ítavo

et al. 2022

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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“…B. decumbens intoxication causing liver dysfunction leads to an elevation in the concentration of liver enzymes ( Muniandy Chung, Jaapar, et al . 2021 ), alteration in liver metabolism, thereby resulting in weight loss in 70% of studied animals ( Lelis et al . 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestibility, Growth Performance, Body Measurement and Hormone of Sheep Fed with Different Levels of Brachiaria decumbens Diets

Jaapar

Chung

Nayan

et al. 2023

tlsr

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Limited data are available regarding the effects of Brachiaria decumbens on sheep’s growth performance at different times. Therefore, this current study focused on sheep’s nutrient apparent digestibility, feed efficiency, body index, and growth hormone when they are fed with low and high levels of B. decumbens diets. A total of 30 six-month- old male Dorper cross sheep were divided randomly into three treatment groups with 10 sheep per treatment. Treatment 1 (control) sheep were fed with Pennisetum purpureum and pellets as the basal diet, whereas Treatment 2 and 3 sheep were fed with feed mixed with low (10%) and high (60%) levels of B. decumbens, respectively. The study was conducted in two phases consisting of short-term feeding (seven days) and long-term feeding (90 days). Throughout the experiment, daily fecal voided were collected in the morning for seven days continuous before the end of each feeding phases for the determination of nutrient apparent digestibility. The amount of feed offered and refusals plus body weight gain were recorded daily to determine the feed efficiency (FE). Besides, the body measurements of each sheep from every treatment were measured weekly and blood samples were collected for the analysis of growth hormone (GH) concentration. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the nutrient apparent digestibility, growth performance, body measurement, and GH concentration among treatment sheep throughout the study period. Treatment 3 sheep fed with 60% of B. decumbens diet revealed the lowest dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility during the long-term feeding. Likewise, Treatment 3 (T3) sheep had the lowest total bodyweight gain, average daily gain, total feed intake, and daily feed intake among treatment sheep. The heart girth index (HGI) of T3 sheep was also significantly lower during the short-term feeding. Moreover, the GH concentration of T3 sheep was significantly lower as compared to the control that decreases steadily throughout the study period. In conclusion, high levels of B. decumbens showed the most significant results out of all three treatments indicating the presence of saponins, which produce negative effects on the sheep’s overall performance.

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“…in studies of the toxicity and must include botanical identification and separately chemical species analysis. Melo et al (2018) Every 28 days, randomly, with a 0.25m² square 0.3-1.3% Melo et al (2019a) Metallic square in 10 random points, simulating grazing 0.42-1.81% Melo et al (2019b) Ten samples every 28 days, with 0.5x0.5m square, close to the ground 1,04-2.17% Brum et al (2007) B. decumbens Cuts close to the ground, at 20 points 1.63-2.36% Brum et al (2009) At four different stages, cuts at 3cm from the soil b 0.8-1.,9% De Oliveira et al (2013) Harvest by hand, simulating grazing at random points 3.24-3.54% Porto et al (2013) Every 15 days, 2cm cuts of soil, 10 random locations 0.94% Gracindo et al (2014) Every 15 days, 2cm cuts from the ground in 10 points with 1m² 0.33-1.22% Lozano et al (2017) Collection at three points of 1m², simulating grazing 0.59-2.99% Castro et al (2018) Air-dried samples every 15 days 0.62-1.18% Lelis et al (2018) Six samples every 28 days with a 0.25m² metal square, cut at 5cm from the ground 0.9-0.37% Present study…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protodioscin levels in Brachiaria spp. in a sheep production system and a brief review of the literature of Brachiaria spp. poisoning in ruminants

et al. 2021

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Plants of the genus Brachiaria, used in several countries as forage, are poisonous to some livestock species. Their toxic principle is protodioscin, and the main form of clinical presentation of the toxicosis is hepatogenous photosensitization. Here we compare protodioscin levels in B. decumbens and B. brizantha and review the literature on the concentrations and methodologies of collection and analysis of the toxic principle in Brachiaria spp. and the risk of contamination of pastures by more toxic species that may facilitate poisoning by plants of this genus in sheep. The experiment was conducted in pastures originally formed by B. brizantha, with many B. decumbens invasion points. The occurrence of cases of poisoning by Brachiaria spp. was the criterion for confirming pasture toxicity. The forage samples were collected at ten random points every 28 days through manual grazing simulation. The samples were analyzed for protodioscin by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with light scattering by evaporation (ELSD) after being dried and crushed. In the flock of 69 sheep, five poisoning cases occurred, three sheep died, and two recovered. The protodioscin levels found in the evaluated pastures ranged from 0.70 to 0.45%; higher levels appeared in B. decumbens (7.09%) compared to 1.04% in B. brizantha. We suggest that Brachiaria spp. should be avoided in pastures where sheep are grazing.

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Photosensitization in naïve sheep grazing signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) under full sunlight or a silvopastoral system

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Production Potential and Quality of Panicum maximum Cultivars Established in a Semi-Arid Environment

Production Potential and Quality of Panicum maximum Cultivars Established in a Semi-Arid Environment

Digestibility, Growth Performance, Body Measurement and Hormone of Sheep Fed with Different Levels of Brachiaria decumbens Diets

Protodioscin levels in Brachiaria spp. in a sheep production system and a brief review of the literature of Brachiaria spp. poisoning in ruminants

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