Photorefractivity in poly(<b><i>N</i></b>-vinylcarbazole)-based polymer composites

Malliaras, George G.; Krasnikov, V. V.; Bolink, Henk J.; Hadziioannou, Georges

doi:10.1088/0963-9659/5/5/017

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Composite PR materials are of particular interest because the nature and concentration of each component can be independently varied to meet specific application requirements. A series of poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) (PVK)‐based PR composites have been investigated,3, 4 and it was found that the superior performance of these materials arises from an enhancement mechanism which relies on the ability of the nonlinear chromophores to reorient under the influence of the space charge field. This enhancement can be optimized with efficient plasticization and, as a result, several PR composites with diffraction efficiency approaching 100% have been reported 5–7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photorefractivity and transmission-type holograms of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-based composite with N-4-nitrophenyl-(l)-prolinol as chromophore

Wang

Zhang

Chang

et al. 2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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The photorefractivity of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole)/2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone/N-4-nitrophenyl-(l)-prolinol/N-ethylcarbazole composite was investigated by twobeam coupling and degenerate four-wave mixing experiments. The composite in a weight ratio 35 : 1 : 50 : 15 exhibited a 22% steady-state diffraction efficiency and 70 cm Ϫ1 two-beam coupling coefficient at the applied external field of 55 V/m. Zero applied field transmission-type holograms were observed in the photorefractive sample as well as the spin-coated thin film. The dynamic decay of diffraction light indicated that there existed two contributors with different phase-shift, and the slow decay time can be as long as several h under continuous illumination by the readout beam.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photorefractivity and transmission-type holograms of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-based composite with N-4-nitrophenyl-(l)-prolinol as chromophore

Wang

Zhang

Chang

et al. 2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Electron Acceptors of the Fluorene Series in Photonics and Electronics: Recent Achievements and Perspectives

Perepichka

2000

Multiphoton and Light Driven Multielectron Processes in Organics: New Phenomena, Materials and Applications

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Photorefractive polymer composite trapping properties and a link with chromophore structure

West

Rahn

et al. 1998

Journal of Applied Physics

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The photorefractive properties and the phase stability of polymer composites are dependent on the detail of the alkyl chain substituent attached to the electro-optic dye within the composite. Photorefractive composites based on poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), sensitized with trinitrofluorenone (TNF) and mixed with a concentration of 47.5 wt. % of electro-optic dye have been tested for photorefractive performance. Two alternative azo dyes of identical molecular weight have been used to produce alternative composites; both dyes were modified to suppress spatial isomerism and incorporated an eight carbon alkyl chain at the electropositive end of the chromophore: either a straight octyl chain or a branched ethylhexyl chain was substituted. The reorientational enhancement of photorefractive performance is similar in the composites resulting from these dyes. The dye with a straight octyl chain led to a composite with improved holographic performance. The dye with a branched ethylhexyl chain led to a composite exhibiting lower diffraction efficiency, but with superior phase stability. A tentative explanation is offered for these differences based on the shape of the alkyl substituent and its effect on a trapping mechanism involving the dye molecules and the sensitisor anions in PVK:TNF-based photorefractive composites.

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Photorefractivity in poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-based polymer composites

Abstract: Abstract. The mechanism of photorefractivity in a family of model composites based on PVK is discussed. Novel aspects of photorefractivity that are unique in polymers are described. The effect of plasticization on their photorefractive performance is investigated.

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Photorefractivity and transmission-type holograms of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-based composite with N-4-nitrophenyl-(l)-prolinol as chromophore

Photorefractivity and transmission-type holograms of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-based composite with N-4-nitrophenyl-(l)-prolinol as chromophore

Electron Acceptors of the Fluorene Series in Photonics and Electronics: Recent Achievements and Perspectives

Photorefractive polymer composite trapping properties and a link with chromophore structure

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