Photorefractive holography for imaging through turbid media using low coherence light

Digital holographic microscopy for the three-dimensional dynamic analysis of in vitro cancer cell migration

“…1͑d͔͒, this approach further reduces the noisy coherent contribution by selecting the ballistic photons for the interferometric information. Moreover, as the optical source is an LED of low temporal coherence, 16,26 the selection of the ballistic photons is further improved. The system provides the optical phase and the intensity images on one plane of a sample, with a typical acquisition time of 1/4 s ͓Figs.…”

“…The interference capability makes imaging through turbid media that has been also investigated with a multiple-quantum-well photorefractive holographic camera possible. 16 These previously cited techniques use optical sectioning to eliminate out-of-focus disturbances. However, to monitor 3-D dynamic cell processes, optical sectioning requires the storage of a large number of microscope images acquired over time with accurate position changes along the optical axis.…”

Coherence-controlled holographic microscopy enabled recognition of necrosis as the mechanism of cancer cells death after exposure to cytopathic turbid emulsion

“…It has already been demonstrated that imaging through scattering media and turbid liquids is possible by digital holography. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Separate holographic methods have been used for imaging through different turbid media, such as rotating diffuser, 1 onion cell layer and cornea, 2 milk, 3,4 ground-glass diffuser, [5][6][7] intralipid suspension, 8 and biological tissue. 9 However, a coherence-controlled holographic microscope 6 (CCHM) invented and built by our group provided low-coherence mode with improved coherence gate effect 7 (CGE).…”

Fourier-domain digital holographic optical coherence imaging of living tissue

“…Photorefractive holography using short-coherence light has been used in depth-resolved imaging inside living tissue, such as rat osteogenic tumor spheroids and in the mouse eye [6,7]. Photorefractive holography is attractive for real-time imaging because it is a noncomputational background-free direct-imaging technique, and it has adaptive advantages using the fast response time of dynamic holographic films, which permits the use of a vibrating diffuser to reduce multiply scattered light [8]. However, sensitivity in photorefractive holography is limited by the diffraction efficiency (with a typical value of 10…”