Photoreactivating-enzyme activity in metazoa.

Cook, John S.; Mcgrath, Janet

doi:10.1073/pnas.58.4.1359

Cited by 95 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Information on the presence of photoreactivating enzyme in placental mammals has been contradictory until the recent detection of the enzyme in human leucocytes, human embryonic skin and muscle cell lines, and in a Xerodermu pigmentosum cell-line (Rieck and Carlson, 1955;Kelner and Taft, 1956;Logan et al, 1959;Rupert, 1964;., 1965; Setlow, 1966;Cleaver, 1966;Pfefferkorn and Coady, 1968;Sutherland, 1974;Sutherland et al, 1974Sutherland et al, , 1976. In view of the low enzyme activity that has been detected and the distribution of this enzyme which has little relationship between its activity in an organ and its potential exposure to solar irradiation (Cook and McGrath, 1967;Cook and Regan, 1969), the significance and the degree to which DNA photo-reactivating enzyme can protect a mammalian cell from W induced damage remains to be determined. One may also wonder if it has some function in cells other than repairing radiation damage.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Ultraviolet Light-Carcinogenesis

Black

Chan

1977

Photochem Photobiol

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Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Ultraviolet Light-Carcinogenesis

Black

Chan

1977

Photochem Photobiol

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“…It has become customary, therefore, to verify the presence in cells of photoreactivating enzyme by demonstrating the ability of disrupted cell preparations to catalyze a lightactivated repair of uv-inactivated bacterial transforming D N A (5,29,33). Unfortunately, such in vitro assays are inlpractical for the kind of survey we have conducted since species of yeast differ markedly in the type and amount of deoxyriboni~clease they possess (14) and individual assay conditions would have to be developed for each of the test organisms.…”

Section: Direct Vs Indirect Photoreactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The postreplicative dark repair mechanism is fundamentally concerned with genetic recombination and eliminates uv-caused damage by effecting recombination between newly synthesized sister DNA molecules which bear defects at different sites (30,49). Though the DNA repair processes have been analyzed intensively only in certain bacteria, there is mounting evidence of their occurrences in many kinds of eucaryotic cells as well (5,11,28,34). On the other hand, it is also known that any one of the repair processes may be lacking in various procaryotic or eucaryotic cells (3,5, ll,43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic distribution in yeasts of the capacities for photoreactivation and for temperature-sensitive dark recovery following inactivation by ultraviolet radiation

Sarachek¹,

Ireland²

1970

Can. J. Microbiol.

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SARACHEK, A., and R. IRELAND. 1970. Phylogenetic distribution in yeasts of the capacities for photoreactivation and for temperature-sensitive dark recovery following inactivation by ultraviolet radiation. Can. J. Microbial. 16: 1187-1198.Eighty-three species of yeasts representing 12 perfect and 10 imperfect genera were tested for temperature-sensitive dark recovery and for direct photoreactivation after inactivation by ultraviolet radiation (uv). With the single exception of Torulopsis inconspicua, all species exhibit temperature-sensitive dark recovery. I n contrast, the ability to photoreactivate appears to be a genus-delimited characteristic. All test organisms unequivocally assignable to the genera Cryptococc~is, Debaryolnyces, Endomycopsis, Hansenula, Nadsonia, Rhodotorula, Saccl~aromyces, Sporobolomyces, Sporotrichum, and Trigonopsis photoreactivate. Photoreactivation was not observed among representatives of the genera Brettanomyces, Ha~aeniaspora, Kloeckera, Lipomyces, Nematospora, Pichia, Saccharomycodes, Schizosaccharomyces, or Schwanniomyces. The systematically heterogeneous genera Candida, Torulopsis, and Trichosporon include both photoreactivating and non-photoreactivating species. The evolutionary, radiobiological, and taxonomic significances of genus-independent temperature-sensitive dark recovery and of genusdependent photoreactivation are discussed.Can. J. Microbiol. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by University of Queensland on 11/17/14For personal use only.Can. J. Microbiol. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by University of Queensland on 11/17/14For personal use only.

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“…It was in fact reported that Escherichia coli and yeast photolyases stimulate the excision repair activity [12,13]. Detection of the photolyase activity, even in the frog internal organs that are unlikely to suffer from UV damage [14], also seems to suggest some light‐independent functions of this enzyme. Regulation of the photolyase expression is another interesting area of research.…”

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confidence: 99%

Purification, cDNA cloning, and expression profiles of the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase of Xenopus laevis

et al. 2005

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Photolyase is a light‐dependent enzyme that repairs pyrimidine dimers in DNA. Two types of photolyases have been found in frog Xenopus laevis, one for repairing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD photolyase) and the other for pyrimidine–pyrimidone (6–4)photoproduct [(6–4)photolyase]. However, little is known about the former type of the Xenopus photolyases. To characterize this enzyme and its expression profiles, we isolated the entire coding region of a putative CPD photolyase cDNA by extending an EST (expressed sequence tag) sequence obtained from the Xenopus database. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cDNA revealed a protein of 557 amino acids with close similarity to CPD photolyase of rat kangaroo. The identity of this cDNA was further established by the molecular mass (65 kDa) and the partial amino acid sequences of the major CPD photolyase that we purified from Xenopus ovaries. The gene of this enzyme is expressed in various tissues of Xenopus. Even internal organs like heart express relatively high levels of mRNA. A much smaller amount was found in skin, although UV damage is thought to occur most frequently in this tissue. Such expression profiles suggest that CPD photolyase may have roles in addition to the photorepair function.

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Photoreactivating-enzyme activity in metazoa.

Cited by 95 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental Ultraviolet Light-Carcinogenesis

Experimental Ultraviolet Light-Carcinogenesis

Phylogenetic distribution in yeasts of the capacities for photoreactivation and for temperature-sensitive dark recovery following inactivation by ultraviolet radiation

Purification, cDNA cloning, and expression profiles of the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase of Xenopus laevis

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