Photooxidation of dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide. II: Mechanism evaluation

Yin, Fangdong; Grosjean, Daniel; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.

doi:10.1007/bf00053781

Cited by 149 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…This chemistry, detailed in SI Appendix, section 1 and Table S1, was incorporated into the UCI-CIT airshed model (22). Note that different mechanisms for DMS oxidation have been proposed previously (31,33,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). The intent of this study was to provide a reasonable mechanism for the oxidation of OSCs and to demonstrate that there are different non-fossil-fuel-related sources of sulfur compounds throughout the SoCAB that will remain as the dominant anthropogenic SO 2 emissions continue to decrease.…”

Section: S(o)(o)omentioning

confidence: 98%

The future of airborne sulfur-containing particles in the absence of fossil fuel sulfur dioxide emissions

Perraud

Horne

Martinez

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), formed from oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emitted during fossil fuel combustion, is a major precursor of new airborne particles, which have well-documented detrimental effects on health, air quality, and climate. Another precursor is methanesulfonic acid (MSA), produced simultaneously with SO 2 during the atmospheric oxidation of organosulfur compounds (OSCs), such as dimethyl sulfide. In the present work, a multidisciplinary approach is used to examine how contributions of H 2 SO 4 and MSA to particle formation will change in a large coastal urban area as anthropogenic fossil fuel emissions of SO 2 decline. The 3-dimensional University of California Irvine-California Institute of Technology airshed model is used to compare atmospheric concentrations of gas phase MSA, H 2 SO 4 , and SO 2 under current emissions of fossil fuel-associated SO 2 and a best-case futuristic scenario with zero fossil fuel sulfur emissions. Model additions include results from (i) quantum chemical calculations that clarify the previously uncertain gas phase mechanism of formation of MSA and (ii) a combination of published and experimental estimates of OSC emissions, such as those from marine, agricultural, and urban processes, which include pet waste and human breath. Results show that in the zero anthropogenic SO 2 emissions case, particle formation potential from H 2 SO 4 will drop by about two orders of magnitude compared with the current situation. However, particles will continue to be generated from the oxidation of natural and anthropogenic sources of OSCs, with contributions from MSA and H 2 SO 4 of a similar order of magnitude. This could be particularly important in agricultural areas where there are significant sources of OSCs. methanesulfonic acid | sulfuric acid | new particle formation | atmosphere | fossil fuel

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Section: S(o)(o)omentioning

confidence: 98%

The future of airborne sulfur-containing particles in the absence of fossil fuel sulfur dioxide emissions

Perraud

Horne

Martinez

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…[39] Later, continuous measurements of DMS at Cape Grim demonstrated a strong seasonal cycle, with interannual variability that was matched in the sulfate aerosol. [40] The critical intermediate sulfur dioxide was hard to measure at Cape Grim, [41] but a modelling study encouraged the use of a novel technique [42] to monitor extremely low levels of sulfur dioxide, [43] showing that the most comprehensive modelling scheme for atmospheric sulfur available at the time [44,45] did an excellent job of reproducing the atmospheric sulfur cycle at Cape Grim in summer and demonstrated the influence of location (latitude), temperature, biology and photochemistry on the sulfur cycle. [43] Later work has shown that in some locations the OH radical is not the only oxidant and that halogen chemistry, in particular BrO, is probably involved in DMS oxidation.…”

Section: The Devil Is In the Detailmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CLAW hypothesis: a review of the major developments

2007

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Environmental context. Understanding the role of clouds in the warming and the cooling of the planet and how that role alters in a warming world is one of the biggest uncertainties climate change researchers face. Important in this regard is the influence on cloud properties of cloud condensation nuclei, the tiny atmospheric particles necessary for the nucleation of every single cloud droplet. The anthropogenic contribution to cloud condensation nuclei is known to be large in some regions through knowledge of pollutant emissions; however, the natural processes that regulate cloud condensation nuclei over large parts of the globe are less well understood. The CLAW hypothesis provides a mechanism by which plankton may modify climate through the atmospheric sulfur cycle via the provision of sulfate cloud condensation nuclei. The CLAW hypothesis was published over 20 years ago and has stimulated a great deal of research.Abstract. The CLAW hypothesis has for 20 years provided the intriguing prospect of oceanic and atmospheric systems exhibiting in an intimately coupled way a capacity to react to changing climate in a manner that opposes the change. A great number of quality scientific papers has resulted, many confirming details of specific links between oceanic phytoplankton and dimethylsulfide (DMS) emission to the atmosphere, the importance of DMS oxidation products in regulation of marine atmospheric cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) populations, and a concomitant influence on marine stratocumulus cloud properties. However, despite various links in the proposed phytoplankton-DMS-CCN-cloud albedo climate feedback loop being affirmed, there has been no overall scientific synthesis capable of adequately testing the hypothesis at a global scale. Moreover, significant gaps and contradictions remain, such as a lack of quantitative understanding of new particle formation processes in the marine atmospheric boundary layer, and of the extent to which dynamical, rather than microphysical, cloud feedbacks exist. Nevertheless, considerable progress has been made in understanding 'Earth System Science' involving the integration of ocean and atmospheric systems inherent in the CLAW hypothesis. We present here a short review of this progress since the publication of the CLAW hypothesis.

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“…DMS is also oxidized to MSA by atmospheric NO, radicals in the dark (i.e. night time) and photochemically with NO, (Yin et al, 1990;Jensen e t al., 1991Jensen e t al., , 1992Berresheim e t al., 1990). The reactions involved have been summarized by Kelly e t al.…”

Section: P K E L L Y a N D O T H E R Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanesulphonate utilization by a novel methylotrophic bacterium involves an unusual monooxygenase

et al. 1994

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Photooxidation of dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide. II: Mechanism evaluation

Cited by 149 publications

References 20 publications

The future of airborne sulfur-containing particles in the absence of fossil fuel sulfur dioxide emissions

The future of airborne sulfur-containing particles in the absence of fossil fuel sulfur dioxide emissions

The CLAW hypothesis: a review of the major developments

Methanesulphonate utilization by a novel methylotrophic bacterium involves an unusual monooxygenase

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