Abstract:Nanomedicine that enables the multiple synergetic treatments provides effective non-invasive treatment modalities for cancer therapy. Yet treatments against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are rarely reported. Here, we designed the...
“…Calcein-AM/PI staining assays were then carried out to directly visualize the antioxidative effects of PDA NPs. In calcein-AM/PI staining assays, live cells will show a strong green fluorescence signal and dead cells will produce a strong red fluorescence signal. , As shown in Figure G, a large amount of red fluorescence was detected in the H 2 O 2 group, while less red fluorescence was detected in the PDA NPs + H 2 O 2 group, indicating that the treatment of PDA NPs effectively inhibited cell death caused by ROS overload. Then, cell apoptosis was further analyzed using Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry (Figure H).…”
Ferroptosis
is a new form of regulated cell death depending on
elevated iron (Fe2+) and lipid peroxidation levels. Myocardial
ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has been shown to be closely associated
with ferroptosis. Therefore, antiferroptosis agents are considered
to be a new strategy for managing myocardial I/R injury. Here, we
developed polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) as a new type of ferroptosis
inhibitor for cardioprotection. The PDA NPs features intriguing properties
in inhibiting Fe2+ accumulation and restoring mitochondrial
functions in H9c2 cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that administration
of PDA NPs effectively reduced Fe2+ deposition and lipid
peroxidation in a myocardial I/R injury mouse model. In addition,
the myocardial I/R injury in mice was alleviated by PDA NPs treatment,
as demonstrated by reduced infarct size and improved cardiac functions.
The present work indicates the therapeutic effects of PDA NPs against
myocardial I/R injury via preventing ferroptosis.
“…Calcein-AM/PI staining assays were then carried out to directly visualize the antioxidative effects of PDA NPs. In calcein-AM/PI staining assays, live cells will show a strong green fluorescence signal and dead cells will produce a strong red fluorescence signal. , As shown in Figure G, a large amount of red fluorescence was detected in the H 2 O 2 group, while less red fluorescence was detected in the PDA NPs + H 2 O 2 group, indicating that the treatment of PDA NPs effectively inhibited cell death caused by ROS overload. Then, cell apoptosis was further analyzed using Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry (Figure H).…”
Ferroptosis
is a new form of regulated cell death depending on
elevated iron (Fe2+) and lipid peroxidation levels. Myocardial
ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has been shown to be closely associated
with ferroptosis. Therefore, antiferroptosis agents are considered
to be a new strategy for managing myocardial I/R injury. Here, we
developed polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) as a new type of ferroptosis
inhibitor for cardioprotection. The PDA NPs features intriguing properties
in inhibiting Fe2+ accumulation and restoring mitochondrial
functions in H9c2 cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that administration
of PDA NPs effectively reduced Fe2+ deposition and lipid
peroxidation in a myocardial I/R injury mouse model. In addition,
the myocardial I/R injury in mice was alleviated by PDA NPs treatment,
as demonstrated by reduced infarct size and improved cardiac functions.
The present work indicates the therapeutic effects of PDA NPs against
myocardial I/R injury via preventing ferroptosis.
“…Hu et al constructed an AE105 peptide conjugated gold nanorod mesoporous silica heterostructure loaded with Cis and Avastin (Cis-AuNRs@SiO 2 -Avastin@PEI/AE105), and observed a prominent photodynamic killing effect and anti-angiogenic activity by targeting uPAR and smart light-controlled drug release in a HeLa tumour model [ 180 ]. Zuo et al designed and constructed AE105-decorated dendritic mesoporous silica NPs (DMSN) encapsulating photonic active ultrasmall Cu 2−x S NPs and the sonosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB) (Cu 2−x S-RB@DMSN-AE105, abbreviated as CRDA) for OSCC-targeting and synergetic PTT/sonodynamic therapy (SDT) [ 181 ]. Hu et al also developed anti-uPAR antibody and indocyanine green (ICG)-modifed gold nanoshells (uIGNs), and achieved a 25% higher median survival rate and complete tumour ablation than clinical iodine-125 ( 125 I) interstitial brachy-therapy (IBT-125-I).…”
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is an attractive target for the treatment of cancer, because it is expressed at low levels in healthy tissues but at high levels in malignant tumours. uPAR is closely related to the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumours, plays important roles in the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), tumour angiogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and is associated with the multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumour cells, which has important guiding significance for the judgement of tumor malignancy and prognosis. Several uPAR-targeted antitumour therapeutic agents have been developed to suppress tumour growth, metastatic processes and drug resistance. Here, we review the recent advances in the development of uPAR-targeted antitumor therapeutic strategies, including nanoplatforms carrying therapeutic agents, photodynamic therapy (PDT)/photothermal therapy (PTT) platforms, oncolytic virotherapy, gene therapy technologies, monoclonal antibody therapy and tumour immunotherapy, to promote the translation of these therapeutic agents to clinical applications.
“… 50 In addition, Zuo et al constructed therapeutic drugs-encapsulated dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with AE105 targeting uPAR, and applied them for photonic hyperthermal and sonodynamic targeted therapy of OSCC. 51 Figure 2 The expression pattern and targeting efficiency of uPAR in OSCC. …”
Section: Targeting Receptors With Cancer Specific Expressionmentioning
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of malignant tumor in the head and neck, with a poor prognosis mainly due to recurrence and metastasis. Classical treatment modalities for OSCC like surgery and radiotherapy have difficulties in dealing with metastatic tumors, and together with chemotherapy, they have major problems related to non-specific cell death. Molecular targeted therapies offer solutions to these problems through not only potentially maximizing the anticancer efficacy but also minimizing the treatment-related toxicity. Among them, the receptor-mediated targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics remains the most promising one. As OSCC exhibits a heterogeneous nature, selecting the appropriate receptors for targeting is the prerequisite. Hence, we reviewed the OSCC-associated receptors previously used in targeted therapy, focused on their biochemical characteristics and expression patterns, and discussed the application potential in personalized targeted therapy of OSCC. We hope that a better comprehension of this subject will help to provide the fundamental information for OSCC personalized therapeutic planning.
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