Photon avalanche upconversion in LiKYF5 crystals doubly doped with Tm3+ and Er3+

The luminescence properties of Er3+-doped and Er3+–Tm3+-co-doped phosphate glasses for white light emitting diode

“…Besides, there are some energy levels for Er 3 + and Tm 3 + which are much close to each other. Thus a potential energy transfer process most likely exists when Er 3 + and Tm 3 + are co-doped in materials [5][6][7][8]. For this reason, the optical and luminescence performances of Er 3 + and Tm 3 + in glasses and glass ceramics have been studied widely [9][10][11].…”

Upconversion fluorescence of Er3+ trace impurity ions and Raman study in K2YF5:0.1 mol% Tm3+ single crystal

“…To obtain high upconversion emission efficiency of Er 3+ ions, it is always necessary to look for better host material. The fluoride crystals have been demonstrated to be one of the best host materials, benefiting from their low phonon energy and wide transparent region [9][10][11][12][13].…”

The influence of Yb, N and F-doped Er3+:Y3Al5O12 on solar light photocatalytic activity of TiO2 for degradation of organic dyes

“…In fact, many mono-or co-doping rare earth metal villiaumites have been reported. Tm 3+ ,Er 3+ -LiKYF 5 was irradiated by red light and emitted in blue spectrum by up-conversion mechanism [18]. Pr:LiYF 4 , Pr:LiLuF 4 [19], Er 3+ /Yb 3+ doped LiYF 4 , BaYF 5 [20], Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ doped LiYF 4 [21] and NaYF 4 :Er 3+ ,Yb 3+ [22,23] all revealed the upconversion luminescence to a certain degree.…”