Photolyase: Dynamics and electron-transfer mechanisms of DNA repair

Zhang, Meng; Wang, Limin; Zhong, Dongping

doi:10.1016/j.abb.2017.08.007

Cited by 86 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…However, conflicting results exist on the oxetane formation during repair. Again, the covalent links between adjacent pyrimidines in the dimers are broken, and the proper structure of DNA molecule is restored [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ]. The simplistic model of photoreactivation is presented in Figure 7 .…”

Section: Uv Damage Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies

Kciuk

Marciniak

Kontek

2020

IJMS

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The protective ozone layer is continually depleting due to the release of deteriorating environmental pollutants. The diminished ozone layer contributes to excessive exposure of cells to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This leads to various cellular responses utilized to restore the homeostasis of exposed cells. DNA is the primary chromophore of the cells that absorbs sunlight energy. Exposure of genomic DNA to UV light leads to the formation of multitude of types of damage (depending on wavelength and exposure time) that are removed by effectively working repair pathways. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge considering cellular response to UV radiation with special focus on DNA damage and repair and to give a comprehensive insight for new researchers in this field. We also highlight most important future prospects considering application of the progressing knowledge of UV response for the clinical control of diverse pathologies.

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Section: Uv Damage Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies

Kciuk

Marciniak

Kontek

2020

IJMS

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“…Both CPD and 6-4PP lead to mutagenesis, cell apoptosis and ultimately causing photoageing and skin cancer if not repaired by the body's own DNA repair mechanisms. 18,19 Several reports have shown a reduction in age-related DNA repair capacity caused by an accumulation of processes including UV-induced DNA damage, nucleotide excision repair (NER) and BER systems. This consequently contributes to the advancing of photoageing.…”

Section: Sun-induced Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

DNA repair enzymes in sunscreens and their impact on photoageing—A systematic review

Luze

Nischwitz

Zalaudek

et al. 2020

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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Background: DNA damage is one of the main factors responsible for photoageing and is predominantly attributed to ultraviolet irradiation (UV-R). Photoprotection by conventional sunscreens is exclusively prophylactic, and of no value, once DNA damage has occurred. As a result, the demand for DNA repair mechanisms inhibiting, reversing or delaying the pathologic events in UV-exposed skin has sparked research on anti-photoageing and strategies to improve the effect of conventional sunscreens. This review provides an overview of recent developments in DNA repair enzymes used in sunscreens and their impact on photoageing. Methods: A systematic review of the literature, up to March 2019, was conducted using the electronic databases, PubMed and Web of Science. Quality assessment was carried out using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) to ensure inclusion of adequate quality studies only (NOS > 5). Results: Out of the 352 publications, 52 were considered relevant to the key question and included in the present review. Two major enzymes were found to play a major role in DNA damage repair in sunscreens: photolyase and T4 endonuclease V. These enzymes are capable of identifying and removing UV-R-induced dimeric photoproducts. Clinical studies revealed that sunscreens with liposome-encapsulated types of photolyase and/or T4 endonuclease V can enhance these repair mechanisms. Conclusion: There is a lack of randomized controlled trials demonstrating the efficacy of DNA repair enzymes on photoageing, or a superiority of sunscreens with DNA repair enzymes compared to conventional sunscreens. Further studies are mandatory to further reveal pathogenic factors of photoageing and possible therapeutic strategies against it.

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“…Ideally, these photolesions are continuously removed at a rate sufficient to protect the cells. They may either be spontaneously resolved, targeted by the flavoenzyme, DNA photolyase, or by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system ( Yamamoto et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Endogenous Skin Protection Mechanisms Against Uvr Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress to Mitigate UV-Induced Skin Damage

et al. 2018

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Unmitigated UV radiation (UVR) induces skin photoaging and multiple forms of cutaneous carcinoma by complex pathways that include those mediated by UV-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Upon UVR exposure, a cascade of events is induced that overwhelms the skin’s natural antioxidant defenses and results in DNA damage, intracellular lipid and protein peroxidation, and the dysregulation of pathways that modulate inflammatory and apoptotic responses. To this end, natural products with potent antioxidant properties have been developed to prevent, mitigate, or reverse this damage with varying degrees of success. Mitochondria are particularly susceptible to ROS and subsequent DNA damage as they are a major intracellular source of oxidants. Therefore, the development of mitochondrially targeted agents to mitigate mitochondrial oxidative stress and resulting DNA damage is a logical approach to prevent and treat UV-induced skin damage. We summarize evidence that some existing natural products may reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress and support for synthetically generated mitochondrial targeted cyclic nitroxides as potential alternatives for the prevention and mitigation of UVR-induced skin damage.

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Photolyase: Dynamics and electron-transfer mechanisms of DNA repair

Cited by 86 publications

References 114 publications

Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies

Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies

DNA repair enzymes in sunscreens and their impact on photoageing—A systematic review

Targeting Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress to Mitigate UV-Induced Skin Damage

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