Photoinitiated Ctosslinking of Modified Cotton

SynopsisPhotoinitiated, free-radical reaction of cotton fabric with vinyl phosphonate oligomer (molecular weight 500-1000) and N-methylolacrylamide monomer from aqueous solutions to form copolymer gave a textile product that had flame resistance . The initiating free radicals were formed on the cellulose molecule when cotton fabric was exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The effects of wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation (254, 300, and 350 nm), reaction time (0-9 ksec), solids in solution (10%-60%), atmosphere (air, nitrogen, and oxygen), and oligomer-to-monomer concentration (1:O.OO to k1.20 mole ratio) on efficiency of monomer and oligomer conversion to copolymer (maximum efficiency 70%-80%) were determined. Evaluation of the flame resistant cotton fabric by transmission electron microscopy showed deposits of copolymer throughout the cross sections of the fibers. However, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis showed that copolymer and phosphorus tended to be more concentrated between and on the surfaces of the fihers.

Flame resistant cotton by photoinitiated graft copolymerization

Harris¹,

Arthur²,

Goynes³

1979

Wrinkle‐resistant cotton by photoinitiated reaction with glycidyl methacrylate followed by crosslinking reactions

Reinhardt

Arthur

Muller

1980

SynopsisA wrinkle-resistant cotton fabric was produced by photoinitiated free-radical reaction of a glycidyl methacrylate monomer from a methanol-water solution to form a poly(glycidy1 methacrylate) copolymer, followed by crosslinking reactions of oxirane groups of the copolymer with cellulose. The product had increased conditioned and wet recovery angles and retained breaking and tearing strengths and stiffness values in the ranges normally obtained for wrinkle-resistant cottons. The effects of these reactions on the fiber structure were determined by transmission electron microscopy. The modified fibers were resistant to dissolution in cupriethylenediamine dihydroxide.

Flame‐resistant cotton textiles by a continuous photocuring process

Harris

Keating

Goynes

1980

SynopsisA continuous process for the photoinitiated copolymerization of vinyl phosphonate oligomer (MW 0.5-1.0 kg) and N-methylolacrylamide from aqueous solutions with cotton printcloth and a sateen fabric was investigated. The free radical reactions, initiated on the cellulose molecules by exposure of the padded cotton fabric to UV radiation gave a flame-resistant (DOC FF 3-71 test) textile product.The effects of several variables on the efficiency of oligomer and monomer conversion to polymer add-on were determined, with maximum efficiencies being 75-85%. Variables were fabric speed through the reactor (0.006-0.039 m/sec), light transmission through Pyrex or quartz windows in the tunnel, four sets of interchangeable tri-power UV lamps having different spectral distributions and relative intensities, and heat buildup within the reactor. Selected samples of these modified cotton fabrics were evaluated for flame resistance, some textile properties, and elemental phosphorus and nitrogen analysis. Copolymer and phosphorus distribution within and between the cotton fibers were illustrated by transmission electron microscopy and by energy dispersive x-ray analysis.