Photofunctionalization and non-thermal plasma activation of titanium surfaces

Abstract

UV light and NTP are able to improve surface conditions of dental implants made of titanium.

Effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength of luting cements used with implant-supported prosthesis: Anin vitrostudy

“…The results of contact angle analysis showing a lower contact angle in the plasma-treated group in comparison to controls verified this study's findings regarding surface energy are in line with both Henningsen et al 22 and Matthes et al. 41 However, due to confounding factors such as hydrophilicity, wettability and surface energy, 42 it is not possible to identify a direct relationship between luting cement bond strength and water contact angle.…”

“…that the level of energy stabilizes after the initial energy bombardment that occurs during the first 5 minutes of application. 21,26 Most plasma studies have evaluated surface changes using atomic force microscope and profilometer 21,22 ; however, considering that these studies reported changes of less than 1 nm, this study evaluated water contact angle instead.…”

“…37 Oxygen plasma treatment can be performed under different atmospheric pressure conditions and with various types of electrically neutral ionized gas as well as using homogenous dielectric barrier discharge, and it has a wide range of applications from industry to medicine. 25,38 Studies examining the effects of oxygen plasma treatment application to titanium material on cell movement and osseointegration 21,22 have reported increases in surface concentrations of reactive species (O 2 ) and hydrophilicity that optimized cell growth. However, few studies 25,33 have looked at the effects of oxygen plasma treatment on bonding ability between titanium surfaces and luting cements.…”

“…19,20 NTP has been shown to achieve changes in surface chemistry without any cytotoxic effects. 19 Previous studies have investigated different NTP protocols, 21,22 mainly in order to assess cell response and gain a better understanding of the effects of altered implant surfaces on osseointegration. However, there is limited knowledge about the effect of shear forces on the luting cement applied on the titanium surfaces altered by NTP treatment.…”

Osteoblast Response to Different UVA‐Activated Anatase Implant Coatings

“…Aita et al demonstrated that the BIC ratio of photofunctionalized acid‐etched titanium implants increased to 98.2% in comparison to 53% for the untreated implants, and the osseointegration strength of the treated surfaces has also been described to be 3 times higher, leading to the conclusion that photofunctionalization not only accelerated but also increased osseointegration. [13a] Furthermore, the UV treatment improved the osseointegration of titanium surfaces, while leaving the various existing surface morphological features intact, which were specially manufactured and proven to be favorable for the interactions between osteoblasts and implant surfaces. All these characteristics make the UV photofunctionalization a promising surface modification technology.…”