Photoelectrochemical detection of metal ions

Abstract

Depending on the situation, metal ions may either play beneficial roles or be harmful to human health and ecosystems. Sensitive and accurate detection of metal ions is thus a critical issue in the field of analytical sciences and great efforts have been devoted to the development of various metal ion sensors. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection is an emerging technique for the bio/chemical detection of metal ions, and features a fast response, low cost and high sensitivity. Using representative examples, this review will first introduce the fundamentals and summarize recent progress in the PEC detection of metal ions. In addition, interesting strategies for the design of particular PEC metal ion sensors are discussed. Challenges and opportunities in this field are also presented.

Light-addressable Electrodes for Dynamic and Flexible Addressing of Biological Systems and Electrochemical Reactions

“…Well-known examples are photoelectrochemical cells [32,33] and dye-sensitized solar cells [34], to which a tremendous amount of reseach is dedicated. Nevertheless, also other fields were established based on photoelectrochemistry: photoelectrochemical sensors [35][36][37], for various applications, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) [38], immuno [39], enzymatic [40], and heavy metal sensing [41] are known in the literature. Mainly to trigger detection, those chips are fully illuminated with a single light source and the possibility of addressing multiple analytes or areas of the sensor is disregarded.…”

A Cu2+-doped two-dimensional material-based heterojunction photoelectrode: application for highly sensitive photoelectrochemical detection of hydrogen sulfide

“…Photoelectrochemical bioanalysis represents an elegant route for highly sensitive detection and exhibits versatile advantages of decreased costs, simple sample preparation, high sensitivity and selectivity, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] which has inspired the rapid development of this eld in recent years. Previously, many PEC analytical methods have been exploited for H 2 S detection.…”

Photoelectrochemical Probing of Cellular Interfaces and Evaluation of Cellular H2S Production Based on In Situ‐Generated CdS‐Enhanced TiO2 Nanotube Heterostructures

“…Photoelectrochemical (PEC) biodetection is a newly developed technique that provides an exquisite route for probing various biochemical events . Upon the light stimulation on semiconducting species, the fundamental mechanism of PEC detection is the photo‐to‐electric conversion of the photoactive species, in which the studied biochemical information could be converted into a photocurrent signal . Evolved from electrochemical technique, the PEC detection inherits its advantages such as low cost, robustness and fast response, but possesses reduced background and thus higher sensitivity due to the separation of the two energy forms as input and output signals .…”