Photodynamic Nanomedicine Strategies in Cancer Therapy and Drug Delivery

Ion, Rodica‐Mariana

doi:10.5772/59624

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…The generated singlet oxygen and free radicals are very reactive species and can damage proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other cellular targets, as important membrane components, responsible for cell damage and death [59,60].…”

Section: Applications Of Porphyrins In Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines: Photosensitizers and Photocatalysts

Ion¹

2017

Phthalocyanines and Some Current Applications

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The porphyrins and phthalocyanines are among the most representative macrocycles in synthetic chemistry, characterized by specific molecular structures, responsible and associated with their particular properties. They have high versatility and an adequate variability introduced either by macrocycle metallation or by different substituents at its periphery called meso-substituents. The porphyrins could find, together with the synthetic phthalocyanines, various scientific and technological applications in chemical and photochemical areas. They can serve as catalysts and photocatalysts in different reactions, or as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy of cancer, due to their high efficiency to generate free radicals and excited state species. The aim of this chapter is to achieve a better understanding of the complex and various properties of the porphyrins and phthalocyanines in different solvents or in heterogeneous media, trying to draw the relationships between these topics with their possible applications in catalytic, photocatalytic area (photodegradation of Kraft-lignin, photooxidation of different unsaturated hydrocarbons, photodegradation of different organic aquatic pollutants, oxirans polymerization) and some preliminary results about the heterogeneous porphyrin sensitizers in the photodynamic therapy area. Their photobleaching mechanisms in different conditions are also discussed.

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Section: Applications Of Porphyrins In Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines: Photosensitizers and Photocatalysts

Ion¹

2017

Phthalocyanines and Some Current Applications

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“…Next to the development of novel photosensitizers with improved optical properties, recently, the use of nanoparticles has been proposed as an ulterior strategy to improve the success of PDT by improving the photosensitizer delivery. , Nanoparticles can help achieve this by increasing PS solubility, biocompatibility, and biodistribution to the target. The latter is strictly related to the size of nanomaterials, which tend to accumulate in tumor masses by passive targeting via the so-called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning Polyamidoamine Design To Increase Uptake and Efficacy of Ruthenium Complexes for Photodynamic Therapy

et al. 2019

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In this work, we report the synthesis of [Ru(phen) 3 2+ ]based complexes and their use as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT), a treatment of pathological conditions based on the photoactivation of bioactive compounds, which are not harmful in the absence of light irradiation. Of these complexes, Ru-PhenISA and Ru-PhenAN are polymer conjugates containing less than 5%, (on a molar basis), photoactive units. Their performance is compared with that of a small [Ru(phen) 3 2+ ] compound, [Ru(phen) 2 BAP](OTf) 2 (BAP = 4-(4′-aminobutyl)-1,10-phenanthroline, OTf = triflate anion), used as a model of the photoactive units. The polymer ligands, PhenISA and PhenAN, are polyamidoamines with different acid−base properties. At physiological pH, the former is zwitterionic, the latter moderately cationic, and both intrinsically cytocompatible. The photophysical characterizations show that the complexation to macromolecules does not hamper the Ru(phen) 3 2+ ability to generate toxic singlet oxygen upon irradiation, and phosphorescence lifetimes and quantum yields are similar in all cases. All three compounds are internalized by HeLa cells and can induce cell death upon visible light irradiation. However, their relative PDT efficiency is different: the zwitterionic PhenISA endowed with the Ru-complex lowers the PDT efficiency of the free complex, while conversely, the cationic PhenAN boosts it. Flow cytometry demonstrates that the uptake efficiency of the three agents reflects the observed differences in PDT efficacy. Additionally, intracellular localization studies show that while [Ru(phen) 2 BAP](OTf) 2 remains confined in vesicular structures, Ru-PhenISA localization is hard to determine due to the very low uptake efficiency. Very interestingly, instead, the cationic Ru-PhenAN accumulates inside the nucleus in all treated cells. Overall, the results indicate that the complexation of [Ru(phen) 2 BAP](OTf) 2 with a cationic polyamidoamine to give the Ru-PhenAN complex is an excellent strategy to increase the Ru-complex cell uptake and, additionally, to achieve accumulation at the nuclear level. These unique features together make this compound an excellent photosensitizer with very high PDT efficiency.

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Oxidative Stress-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Synthetic Sensitizers and/or Natural Antioxidants

Ion¹,

Şuică-Bunghez²

2015

Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress

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Photodynamic therapy (also called PDT, photoirradiation therapy, phototherapy, or photochemotherapy) as a new modality for cancer treatment involves the combination of light with a photosensitizing drug in an oxygen-rich environment. PDT consists in the systemic administration of a photosensitizer (PS), which is selectively retained by tumor cells and the subsequent irradiation with visible light of the affected area.

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Photodynamic Nanomedicine Strategies in Cancer Therapy and Drug Delivery

Cited by 3 publications

References 92 publications

Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines: Photosensitizers and Photocatalysts

Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines: Photosensitizers and Photocatalysts

Tuning Polyamidoamine Design To Increase Uptake and Efficacy of Ruthenium Complexes for Photodynamic Therapy

Oxidative Stress-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Synthetic Sensitizers and/or Natural Antioxidants

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