Photodynamic inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on skin using a porphyrinic formulation

Braz, Márcia; Salvador, Diana; Gomes, Ana T. P. C.; Mesquita, Mariana Q.; Faustino, Maria A. F.; Neves, Maria G. P. M. S.; Almeida, Adelaide

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101754

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The in vitro results demonstrated that the FORM + KI combination was an effective therapy in a dose-depended manner. Results ex vivo, shown a reduction of 3.1 Log10 using FORM + KI or FORM + PVP-I under irradiation [11].…”

Section: Synergism With Antibiotics or Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Very few initiatives have studied the information described to date on PDT antimicrobial therapy against S. aureus infections, and a bibliographic exploration of this strategy is relevant. The present review is a bibliographic study of the information available on the application of PDT against strains of S. aureus with particular [11]. emphasis on S. aureus sensitive to multiple drugs (MDSSA); S. aureus multi-drug resistant strains (MDRSA); Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA.…”

Section: •−mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vast majority of these studies used porphyrin derivatives under irradiation with the red light of a wavelength range of 618-780 nm. PDT mediated by porphyrin derivatives increased antimicrobial efficacy and significantly reduced bacterial viability [10,11,14,15,40].…”

Section: Most Used Photosensitizer For Pdt Over Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All showed decreased bacterial viability in combined therapy with these different compounds [11,20,31,34,35]. For example, Braz et al [11] showed both in vitro and ex vivo the efficacy of PDT mediated by a formulation based on a non-separate mixture of cationic porphyrins (FORM) in combination with potassium iodide (KI) or povidone-iodine (PVP-I) for photoinactivation of MRSA in the skin. The in vitro results demonstrated that the FORM + KI combination was an effective therapy in a dose-depended manner.…”

Section: Synergism With Antibiotics or Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The generation of 1 O 2 will be effective, taking into account the PS, where its excited states have a longer half-life. It is essential to improve the probability of interacting with triple oxygen and producing 1 O 2[11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photodynamic Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Infections

Palavecino¹,

Pérez²,

Zúñiga³

2021

Photodynamic Therapy - From Basic Science to Clinical Research

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Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coconut that causes various life-threatening infections and, in turn, represents a major producer of healthcare-associated infections. This pathogen is highly resistant to antibiotics, which has made it difficult to eradicate in recent decades. Photodynamic therapy is a promising approach to address the notable shortage of antibiotic options against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This therapy combines the use of a photosensitizing agent, light, and oxygen to eradicate pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study is to provide relevant bibliographic information about the application of photodynamic therapy as an alternative antimicrobial therapy for Staphylococcus aureus infections. Methods: This review was achieved through a bibliographic search in various databases and the analysis of relevant publications on the subject. Results: A large body of evidence demonstrates the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in eliminating biofilm- or biofilm-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, as well as antibiotic-resistant strains. Conclusion: We conclude that photodynamic therapy against Staphylococcus aureus is a recommended antibacterial therapy that may complement antibiotic treatment.

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Section: Synergism With Antibiotics or Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: •−mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Most Used Photosensitizer For Pdt Over Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synergism With Antibiotics or Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photodynamic Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Infections

Palavecino¹,

Pérez²,

Zúñiga³

2021

Photodynamic Therapy - From Basic Science to Clinical Research

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Refining antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: effect of charge distribution and central metal ion in fluorinated porphyrins on effective control of planktonic and biofilm bacterial forms

Pucelik,

Barzowska,

Sułek

et al. 2024

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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Antibiotic resistance represents a pressing global health challenge, now acknowledged as a critical concern within the framework of One Health. Photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms (PDI) offers an attractive, non-invasive approach known for its flexibility, independence from microbial resistance patterns, broad-spectrum efficacy, and minimal risk of inducing resistance. Various photosensitizers, including porphyrin derivatives have been explored for pathogen eradication. In this context, we present the synthesis, spectroscopic and photophysical characteristics as well as antimicrobial properties of a palladium(II)-porphyrin derivative (PdF2POH), along with its zinc(II)- and free-base counterparts (ZnF2POH and F2POH, respectively). Our findings reveal that the palladium(II)-porphyrin complex can be classified as an excellent generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), encompassing both singlet oxygen (Φ△ = 0.93) and oxygen-centered radicals. The ability of photosensitizers to generate ROS was assessed using a variety of direct (luminescence measurements) and indirect techniques, including specific fluorescent probes both in solution and in microorganisms during the PDI procedure. We investigated the PDI efficacy of F2POH, ZnF2POH, and PdF2POH against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. All tested compounds proved high activity against Gram-positive species, with PdF2POH exhibiting superior efficacy, leading to up to a 6-log reduction in S. aureus viability. Notably, PdF2POH-mediated PDI displayed remarkable effectiveness against S. aureus biofilm, a challenging target due to its complex structure and increased resistance to conventional treatments. Furthermore, our results show that PDI with PdF2POH is more selective for bacterial than for mammalian cells, particularly at lower light doses (up to 5 J/cm2 of blue light illumination). This enhanced efficacy of PdF2POH-mediated PDI as compared to ZnF2POH and F2POH can be attributed to more pronounced ROS generation by palladium derivative via both types of photochemical mechanisms (high yields of singlet oxygen generation as well as oxygen-centered radicals). Additionally, PDI proved effective in eliminating bacteria within S. aureus-infected human keratinocytes, inhibiting infection progression while preserving the viability and integrity of infected HaCaT cells. These findings underscore the potential of metalloporphyrins, particularly the Pd(II)-porphyrin complex, as promising photosensitizers for PDI in various bacterial infections, warranting further investigation in advanced infection models. Graphical abstract

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