Photodegradation of some ethylene–norbornene random copolymers

Nakade, Kenshiro; Nagai, Yasutaka; Ohishi, Fujio

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.07.010

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In Figure 4 a typical spectra of neat ethylene-norbornene copolymer and unmodified cellulose-filled polymer composite are revealed. Some absorption bands characteristic of the polyolefin may be detected: C–H stretching (2915 cm −1 , 2848 cm −1 ) [ 52 , 53 ], C–H bending vibrations (1463 cm −1 ) [ 54 ], CH 2 rocking vibration (719 cm −1 ) [ 54 ]. Full list of absorption bands assigned to the appropriate chemical groups visible in the cellulose-filled ethylene norbornene copolymer composite structure is presented in Table 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it could be observed in Figure 4 , analyzed material may have become slightly oxidized during the processing. This might be evidenced by some spreaded signals in the region 1300–1100 cm −1 (C–O, C=O, C=C, –C–O–C–) [ 56 ] and 3600–3200 cm −1 (–OH) [ 53 , 58 ]. Nevertheless, while interpreting the FT-IR spectra of ethylene-norbornene copolymer given in Figure 4 , one should remember that this is not a pure polyolefin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superiority of Cellulose Non-Solvent Chemical Modification over Solvent-Involving Treatment: Application in Polymer Composite (part II)

Cichosz

2020

Materials

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The following article debates on the properties of cellulose-filled ethylene-norbornene copolymer (EN) composites. Natural fibers employed in this study have been modified via two different approaches: solvent-involving (S) and newly developed non-solvent (NS). The second type of the treatment is fully eco-friendly and was carried out in the planetary mill without incorporation of any additional, waste-generating substances. Composite samples have been investigated with the use of spectroscopic methods (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), static mechanical analysis, and surface-free energy measurements. It has been proved that the possible filler-polymer matrix interaction changes may occur due to the performed modifications. The highest reinforcement was evidenced for the composite sample filled with cellulose treated via a NS approach—TS = (34 ± 2) MPa, Eb = (380 ± 20)%. Additionally, a surface free energy polar part exhibited a significant increase for the same type of modification. Consequently, this could indicate easier wetting of the material which may contribute to the degradation process enhancement. Successfully developed cellulose-filled ethylene-norbornene copolymer composite compromises the rules of green chemistry and sustainable development by taking an advantage of renewable natural resources. This bio-inspired material may become an eco-friendly alternative for commonly used polymer blends.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superiority of Cellulose Non-Solvent Chemical Modification over Solvent-Involving Treatment: Application in Polymer Composite (part II)

Cichosz

2020

Materials

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“…(3) The peroxy radicals were converted to hydrated peroxy base by additives or by removing hydrogen atoms. (4) And, the oxygen atoms in the hydroperoxides were removed via dehydration to provide olefins (Figure ) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron beam sterilization of cyclo olefin polymer leads to polymer degradation and production of alkyl radicals

Kiminami

Imae

Takahashi

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We investigated the effects of electron-beam (EB) sterilization on syringe barrels manufactured from cyclo olefin polymer (COP). The chemical structure of the polymer was determined by interpreting the 13 C NMR and DEPT-135 spectra of the COP resin. The antioxidants in the resin were identified by analyzing the liquid chromatography-photo diode array-mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-MS) data for the methanol extract of the resin and the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data for the supercritical methanol degradation products of the extract. NMR and LC-PDA-MS analyses revealed that EB sterilization produces degradation products in the COP main chain and reduces the quantity of the antioxidants in the COP resin. ESR spectra of the EB-sterilized syringe barrels indicated the presence and location of alkyl radicals, which were generated in the COP main chain by EB sterilization. ESR analyses also indicated that the quantity of alkyl radicals decreased over time.

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“…UV radiation-induced photodegradation of three ENCs (from Polyplastics Co, Japan) with various norbornene content (50, 52 and 57 mol%) and similar stereoregularity, has been studied by Nakade et al [110]. Photo-oxidation was induced with a Xenon arc lamp (1500 W-63°C) and evidenced-by means of weight measurements after solubilization in chloroform-both scissions (soluble part) and cross-linking (insoluble part).…”

Section: Ageing By Photodegradation Under Uv Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a Formation pathways of the radical species, b formation pathways of acyl and formyl groups, c formation pathways of the double bonds. Reprinted from[110], with permission from Elsevier.…”

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Physico-chemical ageing of ethylene–norbornene copolymers: a review

et al. 2017

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The main object of this report is to review and summarize the current state of the scientific literature relating to physico-chemical ageing of ethylene-norbornene copolymers (ENCs). These processes occur through different means such as photodegradation under the effect of ultraviolet radiation, temperature and ionizing radiation (under air or oxygen). In most cases ageing causes chains scissions that lead to the creation of degradation compounds that exhibit high mobility, corresponding to their low molecular weight and/or high polarity. Cross-linking can also occur, leading to the modification of mechanical properties. The presence of oxygen during ageing is of great importance for the physico-chemical modifications of those polymers in terms of oxidation and thermal stability. ENCs belong to cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) class, whose synthesis was developed in the late 1950s. Nevertheless, commercial applications are relatively new. They attract growing interest in different fields, due to their very useful physical and chemical properties such as transparency, heat and chemical resistance, low permeability to gas as well as biocompatibility. In the literature, a large number of papers deal with the synthesis and characterization of different grades of ENC, but only a few deal with the effects of ageing on these materials. This literature review consists of a summary of the main milestones in the development of COC as well as of cyclic olefin polymers (COP), a review of main techniques for predicting ageing, degradation of additives and interaction between COC/COP and contact environment as well as toxicity of the extractables.

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Photodegradation of some ethylene–norbornene random copolymers

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Superiority of Cellulose Non-Solvent Chemical Modification over Solvent-Involving Treatment: Application in Polymer Composite (part II)

Superiority of Cellulose Non-Solvent Chemical Modification over Solvent-Involving Treatment: Application in Polymer Composite (part II)

Electron beam sterilization of cyclo olefin polymer leads to polymer degradation and production of alkyl radicals

Physico-chemical ageing of ethylene–norbornene copolymers: a review

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