Photodegradation of isotactic poly(1-butene): Multiscale characterization

Beníček, Lubomír; Chvátalová, Lenka; Obadal, Martin; Čermák, Roman; Verney, Vincent; Commereuc, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.08.001

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In aging studies, rheology is typically used to analyze thermal degradation caused by heat or multiple extrusions . However, rheological testing has been increasingly utilized in the study of photodegradation . Many of these studies have been made by one research group, and they are rarely focused on the comparison of these two methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies where a limited comparison between FTIR and rheology is possible have been made on materials, such as polybutene‐1, elastomers, biodegradable polymers, PE/feather composites, gamma‐irradiated high melt strength polypropylene, and polyetheretherketone . The polybutene‐1 study indicates that rheology could be a more accurate method than FTIR in detecting the early signs of photodegradation. The results of the rheological studies show a very different behavior between the materials, some of them being highly crosslinkable, and others showing a tendency for chain scission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of rheology and FTIR in the study of polypropylene and polystyrene photodegradation

Mylläri

Ruoko

Syrjälä

2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Rheology and FTIR spectroscopy are compared as methods to study the degree of photodegradation in polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) sheets. The materials are hot pressed, artificially photo-aged with fluorescent lights for 4-2048 h and then measured with a rotational rheometer and FTIR. Both materials show a tendency for chain scission which can be seen as a reduction in viscosity. Changes in PP can be observed with both methods after 256 h of irradiation. Changes in PS become significant in rheology after 64 h but in FTIR only after 1024 h of irradiation. Due to the different chemical nature of the materials, the degradation of PS is rather linear with exposure, whereas the degradation of PP is more exponential. Using the zero shear viscosities obtained through extrapolations of the Cole-Cole and Carreau-Yasuda models, relative molecular weights are estimated with the aid of the power-law relationship between these two. These results are compared with the carbonyl indices determined from the FTIR spectra. Rheology is found to be a viable alternative for FTIR in certain situations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of rheology and FTIR in the study of polypropylene and polystyrene photodegradation

Mylläri

Ruoko

Syrjälä

2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…[4] In addition, it can be seen that the effect of peroxide concentration on viscosity reduction depends on the type of the starting commodity resin, in agreement with findings from photo-degradation experiments of PB-1. [47] TABLE 2 Variation of melting and crystallization properties with peroxide concentration…”

Section: Figure 6 Degree Of Scission As a Function Of Peroxide Concen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modification of poly(1‐butene) resins through reactive processing

Zhang

Tzoganakis

Zatloukal

2020

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Controlled-rheology poly(1-butene) resins have been produced by chemical modification of commodity poly(1-butene) (PB-1) resins through reactive processing with an organic peroxide. Using various amounts of peroxide, samples have been produced and have been analyzed in terms of their molecular and rheological properties. Molecular weight distributions (MWD) as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) indicate that polydispersity (PDI) remains approximately constant but weight-average molecular weight (Mw) decreases with increasing peroxide concentration. These trends are in agreement with predictions from a kinetic model previously developed for the production of controlled-rheology polypropylene. Linear viscoelastic measurements indicate that the modified samples are thermorheologically simple and that zero-shear viscosity decreases with increasing peroxide concentration while flow activation energy remains approximately constant. Finally, no significant variation in melting and crystallization properties was observed for the range of peroxide concentrations used. Based on these results, it is proposed that tailor-made controlled-rheology poly(1-butene) resins can be produced easily through reactive extrusion operations similar to those used for the production of controlled-rheology polypropylene (CRPP).

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“…1 Therefore, iPB-1 finds a wide range of applications such as films for packaging, hot/cold water pipes, cable insulation, and several others. 2,3 The complex polymorphic behavior of iPB-1 has a significant impact on the performance. Four distinct crystalline polymorphs, II, I, I′, and III, can be obtained under different crystallization conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium Melting Temperature of the Hexagonal Crystals of Polybutene-1 and Its Copolymer

Qin

Litvinov

et al. 2023

Macromolecules

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TheLamellar structures of form I in polymorphic isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) and forms I and I′ in butene-1/ ethylene random copolymer (iPB-1/C2) were investigated by studying their melting behavior using the combination of smallangle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and fast scanning chip calorimetry (FSC) techniques. Hexagonal form I was transformed from tetragonal form II obtained by crystallization of a homogeneous melt of iPB-1 and iPB-1/C2. Hexagonal form I′ was crystallized directly from a heterogeneous melt of iPB-1/C2. Despite the same hexagonal crystallographic structure, forms I and I′ have obviously distinct melting behaviors due to different ways of crystal formation. Well-defined linear dependences of the melting temperature against the reciprocal lamellar thickness were observed for forms I and I′ with frozen chain mobility in crystals. The slopes of the thus obtained melting lines for forms I and I′ are different. Their extrapolations to imaginary infinitely large lamellar thickness provide the equilibrium melting temperature T m ∞ for forms I and I′, which is associated with the stability of the lamellar crystals. In spite of crystal defects in form I′, a higher T m ∞ is observed for this form in iPB-1/C2 than T m ∞ for form I in both iPB-1 and iPB-1/C2. The difference in T m ∞ indicates a less perfect structure of form I crystal lamellae that is caused by the fragmentation of form II crystal lamellae during the polymorphic phase transition from form II to I. The lamellae broke into crystal blocks along the lamellar direction. The smaller lateral sizes of the fragmented lamellae clearly induce a decrease in the stability of crystals, as expressed in a lower T m ∞ for form I.

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Photodegradation of isotactic poly(1-butene): Multiscale characterization

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

A comparison of rheology and FTIR in the study of polypropylene and polystyrene photodegradation

A comparison of rheology and FTIR in the study of polypropylene and polystyrene photodegradation

Chemical modification of poly(1‐butene) resins through reactive processing

Equilibrium Melting Temperature of the Hexagonal Crystals of Polybutene-1 and Its Copolymer

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