Photoconduction of Copper Phthalocyanine-Binder Photoconductor Sensitized with Poly-N-vinylcarbazole

Yagishita, Teruo; Ikegami, Kasumi; Narusawa, Toshiaki; Okuyama, Hirofumi

doi:10.1109/tia.1984.4504654

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As shall be discussed in section IV, this intermolecular interaction is a prerequisite for the high photoconductivity. In fact, Yagishita et al 95 and Enokida and Hirohashi96 have reported that the xerographic performance of e-CuPc is superior to other polymorphs of CuPc. /S-CuPc is thermodynamically stable and single crystals of (3-CuPc have been grown for structural analysis.…”

Section: Polymorphism In Phthalocyaninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic photoconductive materials: recent trends and developments

Law¹

1993

Chem. Rev.

1,320

962

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Section: Polymorphism In Phthalocyaninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic photoconductive materials: recent trends and developments

Law¹

1993

Chem. Rev.

1,320

962

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“…The NLLS of eq 10 in terms of ( $,, s2, a, b), temporarily denoted by g¡, can be done by using a Taylor's series expansion in terms of the four g¡: 4 ( 5/0' ) V / ) =/0')°+ 1 Ag, (11) where f(J) is obtained from the middle expression of eq 1. The (20) Fujita, H.; Costing, L. J. J.…”

Section: Raci + R2ac2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For ternary systems, an advantage of Rayleigh data has been that the fringe positions can be analyzed directly by a nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) procedure. This Rayleigh method, due to Miller, Eppstein, and Albright,3 has been briefly described by Miller et al 4 and Rard and Miller,5 and noted still earlier by Miller6 and Albright and Sherrill.7 This straightforward procedure is easily extended to four components, as described below. Full details will be published elsewhere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for obtaining multicomponent diffusion coefficients directly from Rayleigh and Gouy fringe position data

Miller¹

1988

J. Phys. Chem.

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only behavior which one might associate with concentration quenching as previously defined.At the LC-SC transition point a small recovery in intensity was noted, indicating that at least portion of the nonfluorescent chlorophyll is reorganized to fluorescent form. As was seen in Figure 6, this was accompanied by the appearance of two-component fluorescent decay indicating two new environments for the pigment. The short component shows a very high pressure sensitivity over a very small range of area change. From our previous studies in DOL, it is unlikely that this may be assigned simply to changes in the Forster energy-transfer rate, facilitating quenching by a set number of traps in the medium; rather it would appear more likely that one is observing a sharp increase in the number of trapping sites present which become available to the fluorescent population of chlorophyll over a small area/molecule range. Because one could not expect the total number of traps in the system to increase significantly over such a short concentration region, the observed decreases in lifetime may well indicate diminishing barriers to energy transfer across phase boundaries in this region of pressure.Somewhat more surprising-and perhaps the most interesting finding of this study-is the appearance in this region of the long-lifetime component whose magnitude is essentially that of unquenched chlorophyll in a nonaqueous medium. At this point one may only speculate on the type of organization which insulates this population from either concentration quenching or interaction with traps. It may be essentially free, Le., ejected from the lipid layer either into the subsurface region or into the region above the lipid layer. Alternatively, although less likely, regions which lock monomeric chlorophyll into small concentrations or into orientations highly unfavorable to energy transfer may be formed. The interplay between alterations in local dye concentration and crystalline domain growth as observed by Miller and Mohwald may play a role in creating some microenvironments of isolated chlorophyll as the transition from LC to SC takes place.25 Any explanation of such behavior must also take into account the observed reversibility as pressure is lowered.It may be seen, from both these and previous studies, that Chl a emission parameters respond markedly to changes in the lipid monolayer environment. While earlier studies in DOL indicated that self-quenching via a Forster transfer mechanism governed fluorescence behavior and was essentially independent of lipid packing within the single DOL LE phase, the present results have focused on the discontinuous changes in both lifetime and intensity that can accompany phase changes within the lipid matrix. These data, with those already available, may provide a basis for building more complex monolayer models involving other components of the photosynthetic apparatus from which an expanded understanding of pigment luminescence and its dependence on environment may be obtained.A nonlinear least-squares...

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“…These pigments were chosen because some visible absorption peaks of their solid-state films and of their concentrated H 2 SO 4 solution do not overlap with each other and therefore allow quantitative analyses of the film compositions and because a lower packing density of the PTCD film, as was found in section III.A, should allow the penetration of the -CuPc particles into the PTCD matrix film. In addition, the fact that -CuPc and PTCD are p- 18 and n-type 19 organic semiconductors, respectively, is another reason for their choice to enable the formation of pn heterojunction devices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Interpenetrating pn Organic Pigment Heterostructures with Graded and Mixed Junction Profiles

et al. 2003

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The film formation behaviors of the photocatalytic deposition method are investigated using copper phthalocyanines (R, β, and forms of CuPc), metal-free phthalocyanines (R, β, and x forms of H2Pc), and N, N′-3,5-xylyl-3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic diimide. The detailed analyses based on a diffusion equation reveal that the film deposition is controlled by the diffusion of pigment particles from the dispersion bulk to the substrate. This leads to the finding that the average size of the pigment particles composing the films is smaller than that of the particles composing the dispersions. An additional finding is the fact that the packing density of the films remains constant during their growth. These features of fundamental importance enable the preparation of two types of composite films. One is a double-layered structure with a graded junction profile, and the other is a mixed film with a homogeneously blended concentration profile along the thickness. These structures are characterized by scanning electron microscopic analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy.

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Photoconduction of Copper Phthalocyanine-Binder Photoconductor Sensitized with Poly-N-vinylcarbazole

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Organic photoconductive materials: recent trends and developments

Organic photoconductive materials: recent trends and developments

A method for obtaining multicomponent diffusion coefficients directly from Rayleigh and Gouy fringe position data

Preparation of Interpenetrating pn Organic Pigment Heterostructures with Graded and Mixed Junction Profiles

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