Photochemistry of epoxy films

Noskov, A. M.

doi:10.1007/bf00615580

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The ability to fixate nitrogen on an industrial scale marked a turning point in the history of human society and supports the livelihood of close to half of the world’s population . The Haber–Bosch process operates at high temperatures (∼700 K) and pressures (∼100 atm) on optimized catalysts, − which accounts for ∼1% of the global energy consumption . Hydrogen consumed in the Haber–Bosch process derives exclusively from the steam reforming of fossil hydrocarbons, making it also a carbon-intensive process .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Haber–Bosch process operates at high temperatures (∼700 K) and pressures (∼100 atm) on optimized catalysts, − which accounts for ∼1% of the global energy consumption . Hydrogen consumed in the Haber–Bosch process derives exclusively from the steam reforming of fossil hydrocarbons, making it also a carbon-intensive process . Further, centralized ammonia production is a poor fit for the distributed nature of agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanistic Insights into Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Vanadium Nitride Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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Renewable production of ammonia, a building block for most fertilizers, via the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) is desirable; however, a selective electrocatalyst is lacking. Here we show that vanadium nitride (VN) nanoparticles are active, selective, and stable ENRR catalysts with an ENRR rate and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 3.3 × 10 −10 mol s −1 cm −2 and 6.0% at −0.1 V within 1 h, respectively. ENRR with 15 N 2 as the feed produces both 14 NH 3 and 15 NH 3 , which indicates that the reaction follows a Mars− van Krevelen mechanism. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of fresh and spent catalysts reveals that multiple vanadium oxide, oxynitride, and nitride species are present on the surface and identified VN 0.7 O 0.45 as the active phase in the ENRR. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy and catalyst durability test results corroborate this hypothesis and indicate that the conversion of VN 0.7 O 0.45 to the VN phase leads to catalyst deactivation. We hypothesize that only the surface N sites adjacent to a surface O are active in the ENRR. An ammonia production rate of 1.1 × 10 −10 mol s −1 cm −2 can be maintained for 116 h, with a steady-state turnover number of 431.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights into Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Vanadium Nitride Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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“…In addition to their susceptibility to degradation under moisture, epoxy resins were also found to be sensitive to UV exposure, which leads to oxidation of the ether and nitrogen groups [ 73 , 74 ]. Oxidation is often accompanied by characteristic yellowing of the transparent resin as well as surface scaling and microcracking.…”

Section: Materials Selection Environmental Exposure and Load Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Externally Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Concrete Structures: A Critical Review

Tatar

Milev

2021

Polymers

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Externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer composites have been in use in civil infrastructure for decades, but their long-term performance is still difficult to predict due to many knowledge gaps in the understanding of degradation mechanisms. This paper summarizes critical durability issues associated with the application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for rehabilitation of concrete structures. A variety of factors that affect the longevity of FRP composites are discussed: installation, quality control, material selection, and environmental conditions. Critical review of design approaches currently used in various international design guidelines is presented to identify potential opportunities for refinement of design guidance with respect to durability. Interdisciplinary approaches that combine materials science and structural engineering are recognized as having potential to develop composites with improved durability.

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Advances in bonding agents for retrofitting concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymer materials: A review

Alzubi

Fan

Anguilano

2022

Construction and Building Materials

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Photochemistry of epoxy films

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Mechanistic Insights into Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Vanadium Nitride Nanoparticles

Mechanistic Insights into Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Vanadium Nitride Nanoparticles

Durability of Externally Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Concrete Structures: A Critical Review

Advances in bonding agents for retrofitting concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymer materials: A review

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