Photocatalytic Activity of Hydrogenated TiO<sub>2</sub>

Leshuk, Tim; Parviz, Roozbeh; Everett, Perry; Krishnakumar, Harish; Varin, R.A.; Gu, Frank

doi:10.1021/am302903n

Cited by 268 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In such diverse applications, the functionality of TiO 2 , the ultimate performance of TiO 2 is largely determined by the surface chemical structure as can be seen from the enhanced photocatalytic activity of surface-modified TiO 2 -based photocatalysts [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N₂ Plasma

Jeon

Kim

2017

Appl. Sci. Converg. Technol.

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Passivation of surface defects by the formation of chemically inert structure at the surface of TiO 2 nanocrystals can be potentially useful in enhancing their photocatalytic activity. In this regard, we have studied the surface chemical states of TiO 2 surfaces prepared by a treatment in the afterglow of N 2 microwave plasma using Xray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). We find that nitrogen is incorporated into the surface after the treatment up to a few atomic percent. Interestingly, the surface oxynitride layer is found to be chemically stable when it's in contact with water at room temperature (RT). The surface nitrogen species were also found to be thermally stable upon annealing up to 150 o C in the atmospheric pressure. Thus, we conclude that the treatment of oxide materials such as TiO 2 in the afterglow of N 2 plasma can be effective way to passivate the surface with nitrogen species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N₂ Plasma

Jeon

Kim

2017

Appl. Sci. Converg. Technol.

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“…One of the key issues in solar water-splitting is the development of efficient and stable systems for light-driven reduction of protons to hydrogen. Among other materials, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is comprehensively studied as a photocatalyst for hydrogen production due to its relatively negative position in the conduction band edge allowing for proton reduction, low cost, high stability and the possibility of further functionalization [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the commonly observed and applied features for TiO2 is that its activity can be significantly enhanced by surface and/or bulk defects resulting from, for example, the introduction of heteroatoms or the removal of lattice oxygen [3,4,6]. Doping with metallic (Nb, Ag, Pt, W, Mn, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…heteroatoms has been proven to be one effective route and is thus widely used in practice [9][10][11][12]. Recently, hydrogenation, i.e., reduction in hydrogen, was found to be another efficient route to create defects and to obtain oxygen-deficient TiO2 (TiO2−δ) [6,13]. As compared to the doping method, hydrogenation of TiO2 seems to be more promising due to its high efficiency and easy operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As compared to the doping method, hydrogenation of TiO2 seems to be more promising due to its high efficiency and easy operation. For example, in photodegradation reactions, significantly higher activity can be achieved over TiO2−δ than pristine TiO2 [5,6,8]. In photocatalytic water splitting, the efficiency of TiO2−δ is rather moderate [14], and further improvement of the activity and stability is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CNT-TiO2−δ Composites for Improved Co-Catalyst Dispersion and Stabilized Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

Chen

Wang

et al. 2015

Catalysts

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Composites consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown directly on oxygen-deficient anatase TiO2 (TiO2−δ) were synthesized by a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and applied in photocatalytic hydrogen production from aqueous methanol solutions using photodeposited Pt as the co-catalyst. Thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photocurrent analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and (scanning) transmission electron microscopy were performed to investigate the physical and (photo)chemical properties of the synthesized CNT-TiO2−δ composites before and after photocatalytic methanol reforming. The initial photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was found to be significantly improved in the presence of oxygen vacancies. An optimized amount (~7.2 wt%) of CNTs OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 271 grown on the TiO2−δ surface led to a highly effective stabilization of the photocatalytic performance of TiO2−δ, which is attributed to the improved dispersion and stability of the photodeposited Pt co-catalyst nanoparticles and enhanced separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, rendering the photocatalysts less prone to deactivation.

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TiO ₂ ‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysis for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation and Photodegradation

Wang

Ong

Gao

et al. 2016

Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

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Globalization, industrialization, and manufacturing have expanded at an alarming rate over past decades. This has caused a rapid depletion of natural energy sources (such as oil and gas) and the production of tones of wastes polluting the environment, which in turn has imposed negative impact on human health. A promising way to tackle the energy crisis and environmental issues is to substitute traditional fossil fuels with clean and sustainable sources of energy. Among them, solar energy is an inexhaustible and the most environment‐friendly resource, which can be effectively absorbed and utilized via a photocatalysis process for hydrogen production from water splitting and degradation of organic pollutants. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is one of the most extensively studied photocatalytic materials, by virtue of its compatible band‐edge position, physiochemical stability, nontoxicity and low cost. However, its photoactivity is remarkably restricted due to the inefficient light absorption only in the UV region of the solar spectrum, as well as easy recombination of photogenerated electrons/holes. To mitigate these limitations, synergistic combination of electronic and structural strategies has been developed in recent years. In this chapter, we have highlighted TiO 2 ‐based photocatalysts with well‐defined electronic structure control and structural design that contribute to significant improvements in vital processes and attributes, such as light absorption in the visible region, charge‐carrier dynamics, high surface area, and enhanced light harvesting. Electronic structure engineering, namely doping and heterostructuring, plays a critical role in improving the kinetics of the charge carriers, that is, the separation of electrons and holes pairs, and the extension of light absorption to visible light region, thereby enhancing the photoefficiency of TiO 2 . The structural design of TiO 2 involves various dimensions and morphologies, which not only augments the specific surface area, but also provides suitable platforms to incorporate other materials for maximizing the photocatalytic efficiency. Furthermore, fundamental understanding of the kinetics and dynamics of photoreactivity and other physicochemical properties is covered. The goal is to provide a comprehensive background toward rational engineering of semiconducting photocatalysts and also a guide for future structural design of nanoscale catalysts for solar‐to‐fuel conversion purposes in pursuit of an exciting future of clean and renewable fuel and environmental remediation.

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Photocatalytic Activity of Hydrogenated TiO₂

Cited by 268 publications

References 43 publications

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N₂ Plasma

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N₂ Plasma

CNT-TiO2−δ Composites for Improved Co-Catalyst Dispersion and Stabilized Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

TiO ₂ ‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysis for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation and Photodegradation

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Photocatalytic Activity of Hydrogenated TiO2

Cited by 268 publications

References 43 publications

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO2 Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N2 Plasma

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO2 Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N2 Plasma

CNT-TiO2−δ Composites for Improved Co-Catalyst Dispersion and Stabilized Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

TiO 2 ‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysis for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation and Photodegradation

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Product

Resources

About

Photocatalytic Activity of Hydrogenated TiO₂

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N₂ Plasma

Unexpected Chemical and Thermal Stability of Surface Oxynitride of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals Prepared in the Afterglow of N₂ Plasma

TiO ₂ ‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysis for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation and Photodegradation