Photocatalysis in organic and polymer synthesis

Abstract

This review, with over 600 references, summarizes the recent applications of photoredox catalysis for organic transformation and polymer synthesis. Photoredox catalysts are metallo- or organo-compounds capable of absorbing visible light, resulting in an excited state species. This excited state species can donate or accept an electron from other substrates to mediate redox reactions at ambient temperature with high atom efficiency. These catalysts have been successfully implemented for the discovery of novel organic reactions and synthesis of added-value chemicals with an excellent control of selectivity and stereo-regularity. More recently, such catalysts have been implemented by polymer chemists to post-modify polymers in high yields, as well as to effectively catalyze reversible deactivation radical polymerizations and living polymerizations. These catalysts create new approaches for advanced organic transformation and polymer synthesis. The objective of this review is to give an overview of this emerging field to organic and polymer chemists as well as materials scientists.

Unraveling Photocatalytic Mechanism and Selectivity in PET‐RAFT Polymerization

“…This is usually done through complex photoredox and energy transfer processes and has offered a profound challenge to researchers [1][2][3] who tried to model this natural phenomenon. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] As the name suggests, these photoredox catalysts harnesses the energy of visible light to accelerate a chemical reaction through electron transfer processes. Over the subsequent century, interest has grown in finding new systems that are capable of absorbing light and mediating chemical reactions for the production of fine chemicals and advanced materials.…”

Thermo‐Photocatalysis: Environmental and Energy Applications

“…[9,10] Moreover,anumber of works have been carried out on visible light-based photochemical reactions, which have used photocatalytic materials ranging from modified TiO 2 catalysts and transition-metal complexes to nanoscale materials, such as noble metalsa nd graphiticc arbon nitride. [9,10] Moreover,anumber of works have been carried out on visible light-based photochemical reactions, which have used photocatalytic materials ranging from modified TiO 2 catalysts and transition-metal complexes to nanoscale materials, such as noble metalsa nd graphiticc arbon nitride.…”

Metal‐Free Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Highly Sensitive Detection of Lung Cancer DNA

“…[8] Am etal-freep hotoinducedA TRP (photoATRP) can eliminate residual metal. [22][23][24][25] Compared with oxidative quenching pathway,t he formation of excited states of photoredox catalysts need lower energyi nt he reductiveq uenching pathway. [13] Photocatalysish as become ap owerful means to perform several organic reactions.…”