Metal‐Free Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Highly Sensitive Detection of Lung Cancer DNA

Abstract

Convenient and sensitive detection of biomolecules is of great significance to disease diagnosis. In this work, am etal-free photoinduced atom transfer radicalp olymerization (photoATRP) by ar eductive quenching pathway as an ovel strategy is appliedt oa chieve lung cancerD NA detection. Thiolated PNA is exploited to specifically recognize target DNA, and the initiator of photoATRP is linked to the electrode surface via phosphate-Zr 4 + -carboxylate. Under the excitation of blue light, the reductive quenching path-way is activatedw ith eosin Y( EY) as photoredox catalyst and N,N,N',N'',N'-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as electron donor,a nd numerous polymeric chains are formed. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of this strategy is from 0.1 pm to 10 nm (R 2 = 0.989)w ith al imit of detection (LOD) of 1.4 fm (14 zmol in 10 mL). Thev ariety of possible light sourcesf or photoATRP and simple operation endowt his biosensorw ith great potential for practical applications.[a] Dr.Supporting information and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this articlecan be found under: https://doi.

Metal‐Free Organocatalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Synthesis, Applications, and Future Perspectives

“…Under ideal conditions, the detection limit was 14 zmol in 10 mL, and the linear range from 0.1 pm to 10 nm. [ 84 ]…”

Surface Modifications of Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) via Polymerization Methods—Current Status and Future Prospects

“…On the other hand, contamination of even small amounts of inorganic catalysts in biological systems can be slightly problematic. However, a metal-free ATRP based on regeneration of the deactivator with application of UV light is a promising prospect for the future research in this area [94,95]. For this reason, the focus on the use of organic photo-reduced catalysts in ATRP reactions might open up a new doorway for the design of biologically compatible systems.…”

Developments in the Components of Metal‐Free Photoinitiated Organocatalyzed‐Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (O‐ATRP)

“…[77] The medical field application includes the research carried by Liu et al for implementing metal-free ATRP for the detection of lung cancer DNA. [76] And an unprecedented approach for the O-ATRP through a reductive pathway in an aqueous media was demonstrated by Bian et al, which ensured a controlled polymerization in the absence of metal and organic solvent. [72] Various benzaldehyde derivatives can also be used as photocatalysts; Ma et al carried O-ATRP using panisaldehyde, p -cyanobenzaldehyde, and 2,4-dimethoxy benzaldehyde, as photocatalysts in visible-light along with reductant N, N-dimethylaniline.…”

“…The medical field application includes the research carried by Liu et al. for implementing metal‐free ATRP for the detection of lung cancer DNA [76] . And an unprecedented approach for the O‐ATRP through a reductive pathway in an aqueous media was demonstrated by Bian et al., which ensured a controlled polymerization in the absence of metal and organic solvent [72] .…”