Photobiomodulation accelerates orthodontic alignment in the early phase of treatment

Abstract

BackgroundNumerous strategies have been proposed to decrease the treatment time a patient requires in orthodontic treatment. Recently, a number of device-accelerated therapies have emerged in orthodontics. Photobiomodulation is an emerging area of science that has clinical applications in a number of human biological processes. The aim of this study was to determine if photobiomodulation reduces the treatment time in the alignment phase of orthodontic treatment.MethodsThis multicenter clinical trial was performed on 90 subjects (73 test subjects and 17 controls), and Little's Index of Irregularity (LII) was used as a measure of the rate of change of tooth movement. Subjects requiring orthodontic treatment were recruited into the study, and the LII was measured at regular time intervals. Test subjects used a device which produced near-infrared light with a continuous 850-nm wavelength. The surface of the cheek was irradiated with a power density of 60 mW/cm2 for 20 or 30 min/day or 60 min/week to achieve total energy densities of 72, 108, or 216 J/cm2, respectively. All subjects were fitted with traditional orthodontic brackets and wires. The wire sequences for each site were standardized to an initial round alignment wire (014 NiTi or 016 NiTi) and then advanced through a progression of stiffer arch wires unit alignment occurred (LII < 1 mm).ResultsThe mean LII scores at the start of the clinical trial for the test and control groups were 6.35 and 5.04 mm, respectively. Multi-level mixed effect regression analysis was performed on the data, and the mean rate of change in LII was 0.49 and 1.12 mm/week for the control and test groups, respectively.ConclusionsPhotobiomodulation produced clinically significant changes in the rates of tooth movement as compared to the control group during the alignment phase of orthodontic treatment.

Evaluation of Low Intensity Laser on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement

“…The results of the present study concluded that low level laser had stimulatory effect on acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement agreed with the findings which were reported by many human studies (3,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19) and disagreed with other studies which showed no effect on tooth movement (20,21,22) . This controversial results in the previous studies may be due to the different energy densities they used; which mentioned in Arndt-Schulz law; who stated that low doses have stimulatory and high dosages have inhibitory effects (23) or may be due to the longer wavelengths they used (8) .…”

Velocity of orthodontic active space closure with and without photobiomodulation therapy: a single-center, cluster randomized clinical trial

“…Previous PBM studies [34,35,[37][38][39][40] have shown an improvement rate of 0-30% for cases treated with PBM. The calculation of the sample size was based on these assumptions: & Outcome variable: The rate of monthly space closure will be measured by taking the total space closed between T2 and T1, divided by the time elapsed in months.…”

Osteogenic Accelerated OrthodonticsTM for treatment of a Skeletal Class II patient with moderate crowding

“…Accelerated tooth movement had a fast evolution; it has a variety of approaches that includes surgical techniques and no surgical modalities [2], such as micro vibration [3], light stimulation [4], pharmacological approaches [5], etc. The surgical facilitated orthodontic treatment protocol is very popular and different authors have established a particular sequence of procedures or speci ic steps to name, rename or patent a particular technique, for example: Wilckodontics (OAO TM ) [6][7][8][9][10], Piezosurgery [11], Piezocision [12], Speedy orthodontics [13,14].…”

“…The treatment objectives for this case were to [1], eliminate dental crowding [2], achieve better facial balance [3], maintain a Class I dental relationship [4] maintain the root length of the teeth.…”