Objective: to evaluate the effect of low intensity laser therapy on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in adolescent females. Materials and Methods: A sample of 10 patients with an age range of 14-18 years requiring extraction of first premolars was selected for this study. A randomized split-mouth study design was used. A nickeltitanium closed-coil spring was used for canine retraction on mini-implants. The study side received low intensity laser therapy (LILT) from a semiconductor (aluminium gallium arsenide) diode laser with a wavelength of 910 nm. The laser regimen was applied on days 0, 3, 7, and 14 in the first month, and thereafter on every 15th day until complete canine retraction was achieved on both sides. Tooth movement was measured on progress models every 60 days. Results: The rate of canine retraction showed statistical significant higher rate on study side than that on the control side. Conclusions: The results revealed that, the ratio of the rate of orthodontic tooth movement of the laser side to the control side was (1.09); throughout the study period which was 6 months.

Purpose: This study was carried out to evaluate root surface changes and bone density accompanying two different methods of accelerated orthodontic tooth movement by Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Patients and methods: The present study was applied to twenty patients. With bimaxillary dento-alveolar protrusion or Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion. The line of treatment was the extraction of the upper first bicuspids and then cuspid distalization. The patient's sample was divided into two equal groups. In the group I, one side of the maxillary arch was chosen for treatment with peizocision, and in the group II, injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) injection was used. The opposite sides in two groups acted as controls. Canine distalization was performed in both sides by 150 gm. of force applied from nickel titanium closed coil spring. The following parameters were measured from cone-beam tomography: volumetric root length and bone density.Besides this, the canine retraction rate was measured from casts Results: The canine retraction rates were greater in experiential sides than in the control sides in the two groups. Decrease volumetric root length and bone density were recorded in both groups after canine retraction Conclusions: Piezocision technique and i-PRF injection are efficient procedures that reduce the time needed for canine distalization. No significant differences regarding volumetric root resorption were observed in both groups between the experiential side and the control one after canine retraction.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the effect of memory palatal split screw (Memorax) to that of conventional Hyrax rapid palatal expanders on nasal and pharyngeal airway volumes, which were measured and recorded by Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted over 14 subjects of adolescent patients with bilaterally constricted maxillary arches, the sample contained 12 females and 2 males, with age ranged from 12ys to 15ys, with a mean of 13.6 ± 1.4. The sample was divided into two age matched groups, the Memorax group (N=7) subjects with a mean age of 13.5 ± 0.4, received the memory palatal split screw appliance (Memorax). The Hyrax group (N=7) subjects with a mean of 13.4 ± 1 were received the conventional Hyrax palatal expander. For all subjects taking part in the study, maxillofacial CBCTs and NOSE questionnaire records were taken before expansion (T 1 ) and after 3 months at the time of removal of the expanders (T 2 ). Data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of normality. Paired t test was used to compare mean values of before and after treatment. Independent (unpaired) test was used to compare between the two groups. Results: Memorax showed a significant increase in nasal airway volume as well as naso-, palato-and total pharyngeal airway volume. While Hyrax showed a non-significant decrease in the palatopharyngeal airway volume. Both groups showed a non-significant difference in the glossopharyngeal airway volume as well as in the NOSE questionnaire results. Conclusion: Memorax could be used in patients suffered from symptomatic nasal obstruction due to bilateral maxillary constriction, in order to improve their breathing as a primary purpose as well as treating malocclusion. It also may be advantageous because it shortens the maxillary expansion period, provides additional expansion in the retention period and generates light forces relative to the conventional Hyrax screw.

Objective: to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two different toothpaste (parodontax and Dr. John's formula gel) on the degree of gingivitis during fixed orthodontic treatment.Material and Methods: A sample of 30 patients with an age range of 13-22 years, requiring fixed orthodontic treatment were evaluated for the efficacy of two types of toothpaste after inatiation of gingivitis, i.e, Dr.Jhon's formula (groupI), Parodontax (groupII), and Signal (groupIII). At baseline, onset of gingivitis and (1-3-6 weeks) from using the toothpaste, clinical parameters and resistin samples from gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) were assessed from the patients in all groups. Gingival crevicular fluide samples of resistin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: the greatest mean value of resistin concentration was recorded at onset of gingivitis, there was no significant difference between groups, 6 weeks after treatment group II revealed a significant lower value compared to group I&III , and the greatest mean value of clinical parameters Plaque Index (PD), Probing Depth (PI), and Gingival Index (GI) were recorded at onset of gingivitis, 6 weeks after treatment group I revealed a significant lower value in PI compared to group II&III and group II revealed a significant lower value in PD and GI compared to group I& III. Conclusion: the results revealed that, the two studied Toothpaste significantly reduced gingivitis during orthodontic treatment compared to the control, Dr. Jhone's toothpaste has significant decrease in Plaque Index over the parodontax toothpaste, and Parodontax toothpaste provided obvious significant decrease in the Gingival Bleeding and Probing Depth compared to Dr.Jhon's formula toothpaste.