Photoaging Skin Therapy with PRP and ADSC: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Background. Stem cells from adipose tissue (ADSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are innovative modalities that arise due to their regenerative potential. Objective. The aim of this study was to characterize possible histological changes induced by PRP and ADSC therapies in photoaged skin. Methods. A prospective randomized study involving 20 healthy individuals, showing skin aging. They underwent two therapeutic protocols (protocol 1: PRP; protocol 2: ADSCs). Biopsies were obtained before and after treatment (4 months). Results. PRP protocol showed unwanted changes in the reticular dermis, mainly due to the deposition of a horizontal layer of collagen (fibrosis) and elastic fibers tightly linked. Structural analyses revealed infiltration of mononuclear cells and depot of fibrotic material in the reticular dermis. The ADSC protocol leads to neoelastogenesis with increase of tropoelastin and fibrillin. There was an improvement of solar elastosis inducing an increment of macrophage polarization and matrix proteinases. These last effects are probably related to the increase of elastinolysis and the remodeling of the dermis. Conclusions. The PRP promoted an inflammatory process with an increase of reticular dermis thickness with a fibrotic aspect. On the other hand, ADSC therapy is a promising modality with an important antiaging effect on photoaged human skin.

3D Printed Scaffolds Incorporated with Platelet‐Rich Plasma Show Enhanced Angiogenic Potential while not Inducing Fibrosis

“…To investigate fibrosis, a possible unwanted side‐effect of PRP in the skin, [ 20,21 ] and most specifically the potential transition of fibroblasts towards a myofibroblastic phenotype, we seeded human dermal fibroblasts (HdF) on GelMA scaffolds with and without TGF‐β1 (an inducer of myofibroblastic phenotype), as well as on our PRP‐GelMA scaffolds. Cultures on PRP‐GelMA scaffolds were not supplemented with FBS or recombinant growth factors.…”

“…Previous studies have suggested that PRP may induce fibrosis in skin [ 20,21 ] and other tissues, such as skeletal muscle. [ 56 ] Our findings show otherwise, as we did not observe the induction of fibrosis in any of the aforementioned studies.…”

“…[ 12 ] Several reports have already shown evidence of PRP's pro‐angiogenic potential, [ 13–17 ] supporting its use for wound healing in a clinical scenario. [ 18,19 ] However, despite its pro‐angiogenic effects, the bulk and direct use of PRP on its own carries a risk of inducing fibrosis in the skin [ 20,21 ] and should be taken into careful consideration. To address this, we propose the application of a novel biofabrication process to develop a safe and effective implant for the controlled delivery of PRP resulting in a novel scaffold for skin wound healing capable of promoting angiogenesis while not inducing fibrosis.…”

Growth factors‐based platelet lysate rejuvenates skin against ageing through NF‐κB signalling pathway: In vitro and in vivo mechanistic and clinical studies

“… 85 , 86 However, PRP may also cause skin erythema, inflammation and fibrosis, which indirectly accelerates ageing process in some cases and sometimes exerts ineffective effect on skin ageing. 86 , 87 , 88 Such defects may be due to the remain of heterologous activators and cell residuals (WBC and RBC) in PRP. In this study, the lysis and purification processes in hPL preparation not only released high concentrations of growth factors with no need of heterologous activators, but also removed cell residuals completely, thereby overcoming the defects of PRP.…”

The Crosstalk Between Adipose-Derived Stem or Stromal Cells (ASC) and Cancer Cells and ASC-Mediated Effects on Cancer Formation and Progression—ASCs: Safety Hazard or Harmless Source of Tropism?

“…CAL is regarded as a promising tool in the field of skin regenerative medicine and ASCs are attributed various beneficial effects in skin-based therapies, eg, amelioration of photoaging, wound healing, and skin diseases like atopic dermatitis. 138-140 However, a few studies addressed the relationship between ASCs and the various skin cancer types although CAL is readily applied in areas susceptible to skin cancer formation.…”