Photoactive and antibacterial TiO2 thin films on stainless steel

Evans, Philip G.; Sheel, David W.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.04.013

Cited by 175 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Many studies have focused on the dependence of the obtained phase on preparation methods, deposition parameters, substrate type, doping of metallic and nonmetallic species 3,6 . Anatase TiO 2 is considered one of the best photocatalysts with high activity and non-toxic properties 5 , furthermore, it exhibits high chemical reactivity and stability under UV illumination 2 , which leads to greater possibilities for practical application as antibacterial agents [2][3][4][5] , self-cleaning surfaces 7 , organic photo degradation 8,6 , and hydrogen generation by the splitting of water, termed solar-hydrogen 6,9,10 . In addition, depending of phase and preparation conditions, anatase TiO 2 has high durability, high refractive index (n = 2.3), high resistivity and dielectric constant 11 k, with values from 30 to 100, so it is suitable for applications in optical wave-guides 12 , antireflection coatings 13 , photochemical solar cells 14,15 and gas sensors 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to improve and expand upon the range of applications some modifications have been studied and several approaches have been proposed: First, to reduce the band gap of TiO 2 with the intention of improving the light absorption in the visible region, studies have been conducted involving doping with metallic and non-metallic impurities [4][5][6]18 Recent investigations have included the use of practical and economical substrates such as metallic materials 5,15,16,20 . The particular properties of metals, such as its conductivity, flexibility, mechanical robustness and capacity to be shaped easily can change the photocatalytic characteristics and expand the possibility for practical application 7,16 , such as self-cleaning surfaces, antibacterial agents, photo degradation of organics, use in the manufacture of components introduced in hospital equipment, utensils for food preparation and air conditioning 11,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deposition of TiO2 Film on Duplex Stainless Steel Substrate Using the Cathodic Cage Plasma Technique

et al. 2016

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This research used the "cathodic cage (CC)" technique for TiO 2 film deposition on duplex stainless steel substrate. This technique uses a multiple hollow cathode effect. Duplex stainless steel substrates were treated at temperatures of 300 o C, 350 o C and 400 o C, giving a temperature value ratio (T s /T m ) of 0.27 to 0.31 (Ts being the substrate temperature and Tm the melting temperature of the deposited material). Treatment times of 1, 2 and 4 hours were administered and polycrystalline TiO 2 films were obtained. The films were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). During analysis, the formation of uniform films and the possibility of controlling the TiO 2 phase were observed. It was also shown that with longer treatment times and higher temperatures the rutile phase predominates. For treatment times of 4 hours at all temperatures, the rutile structure was present. With treatment times of less than 4 hours, anatase was present. In addition, results showed that this simple, low cost technique can be an alternative method for depositions of TiO 2 films, with the advantage of high levels of control over porosity, thickness and phase composition (anatase and rutile).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of TiO2 Film on Duplex Stainless Steel Substrate Using the Cathodic Cage Plasma Technique

et al. 2016

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“…Photocatalytic and superhydrophillic thin films of anatase TiO 2 have attracted large research interest since the early 1970s and find application as self-cleaning, anti-fogging and anti-bacterial coatings [1][2][3][4][5]. Due to their intrinsic beneficial physical properties, TiO 2 films are suitable for architectural coatings, and commercially available self-cleaning glasses, tiles, cement, porcelain based on TiO 2 already exist [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Photocatalytic Activity of Anatase TiO2 Thin Films by Modifying the Preferred <001> Grain Orientation with Reactive DC Magnetron Sputtering

Stefanov

Österlund

2014

Coatings

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Anatase TiO 2 thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering on glass substrates at 20 mTorr pressure in a flow of an Ar and O 2 gas mixture. The O 2 partial pressure (P O2 ) was varied from 0.65 mTorr to 1.3 mTorr to obtain two sets of films with different stoichiometry. The structure and morphology of the films were characterized by secondary electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and grazing-angle X-ray diffraction complemented by Rietveld refinement. The as-deposited films were amorphous. Post-annealing in air for 1 h at 500 °C resulted in polycrystalline anatase film structures with mean grain size of 24.2 nm (P O2 = 0.65 mTorr) and 22.1 nm (P O2 = 1.3 mTorr), respectively. The films sputtered at higher O 2 pressure showed a preferential orientation in the <001> direction, which was associated with particle surfaces exposing highly reactive {001} facets. Films sputtered at lower O 2 pressure exhibited no, or very little, preferential grain orientation, and were associated with random distribution of particles exposing mainly the thermodynamically favorable {101} surfaces. Photocatalytic degradation measurements using methylene blue dye showed that <001> oriented films exhibited approximately 30% higher reactivity. The measured intensity dependence of the degradation rate revealed that the UV-independent rate constant was 64% higher for the <001> oriented film compared to randomly oriented films. The reaction order was also found to be higher for <001> films compared to randomly oriented films, suggesting that the <001> oriented film exposes more reactive surface sites.

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“…Escherichia coli (E. Coli) cells are completely destroyed in one week under 1 mW/cm 2 UV irradiation on TiO 2 (Evans & Sheel, 2007;Fu et al, 2005;Liu et al, 2008;Sunada et al, 1998). Usually, an analogous anti-bacteria effect can be achieved in nearly 1 h under outdoor UV light intensity.…”

Section: Anti-bacterial Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%