Photo-stabilising action of metal chelate stabilisers in polypropylene: Part VII—Additive interactions

Allen, Norman S.; Chirinos-Padron, Alfonso; Appleyard, John H.

doi:10.1016/0141-3910(84)90034-x

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…44 This enables all changes which occur during degradation and stabilization processes to be identified; however, interpretation of a given absorption peak is sometimes very difficult, or even impossible. 48 .…”

Section: Absorption Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photostabilization of Polymers

Rabek¹

1990

139

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Section: Absorption Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photostabilization of Polymers

Rabek¹

1990

139

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“…Nevertheless, these found valuable niches in out‐door applications. [ 1,2 ] There were a number of interesting complexes in the market place at that time (60 years ago) like the Cyasorb (Cytec) UV 1084 (Structures 2) (still widely used today) and Negopexes A/B (ICI) and Sanduvor NPU [ 21,22 ] to name but a few. Other nickel and zinc complexes also came onto the scene such as dithiolates and dialkydithiocarbamates [ 1,5,23,24 ] and these will follow later.…”

Section: Photostabilizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the Structures 3 synergism was actually observed on UV exposure with strontium stearate but antagonism with other metal stearates in the order Zn > Na > Mg > Co. With Irgastab 2002 which is a calcium complex antagonism was found in all cases in the order Na > Co = Zn > Sr > Mg. Again, metal complexation exchanges were found. [ 21,22,25‐27 ]…”

Section: Photostabilizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives on additives for polymers. Part 2. Aspects of photostabilization and role of fillers and pigments

Allen

Edge

2020

Vinyl Additive Technology

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In Part I of this two‐part series the most important aspects of antioxidants (primary and secondary), processing aids, metal deactivators and some light stabilizers were described and highlighted together with their mechanisms, problems, and interactions. Emphasis was placed on synergism and antagonism in performances and color problems with a special insight regarding PVC. Part 2 of this article presents in a similar way general perspective on the type, mode of action, properties, uses, problems (and circumvention) of light stabilizers and of some important fillers and pigments. Montmorillonites, silica, carbon blacks, and titanium dioxide will be the main features with an emphasis on structure, activity, and formulations in polymer systems. Additive interactions between stabilizers and fillers/pigments is a major controlling factor in the end use performance from a physical, esthetic, structural, mechanical, and chemical point of view. Indeed, with filled polymers one enters an overly complex world of interactions giving rise to some extreme synergistic and often antagonistic problems which can in many cases destroy or even enhance the activity of functional processing additives. Several of these will be highlighted to provide the technologist with at least some experience such that one can be alert to any potential issues in formulating more complex packages where not just color but high performance is also required.

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“…On the other hand, HALS aminyl radical may be formed by HALS reacting with hydroperoxide. The aminyl radical reacts with oxygen and then with a polymeric chain to give HALS NOOR (R＝a polymer chain), which finally forms HALS NO 15) . A hydropeoxide decomposition mechanism for HALS NOH generated by oxidation of HALS was also proposed 16) .…”

Section: Radical Scavenging Function Of Halsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for Unified Action Mechanism of Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers

Ohkatsu

2008

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) possess many functions unlike other additives and are frequently used to extend the service life of polymeric materials, but show particular compatibility with certain other additives. However, combination does not always show synergistic actions, but sometimes has antagonistic effects. Most previous research into the interaction of HALS with other additives has focused on qualitative high synergism to high antagonism, and no common understanding has been reached. HALS and homologs have many derivatives which are classified here as "good" HALS and "bad" HALS, including a new HALS derivative, HALS nitrosonium. The investigation of the antagonism of HALS with other additives has been based on only "good" HALS. The present study discusses the chaotic interactions of HALS with other additives kinetically and thermodynamically by separately considering the synergism of "good" HALS and the antagonism of "bad" HALS. This approach has lead to a new technique for unified evaluation of the interaction semi-quantitatively. The results summarized here clarify the complex and diverse characteristics of HALS and present the possibility that the action mechanism of HALS alone and together with other additives can be discussed based on a unified mechanism. Such united ideas can determine additive formulation much more easily and facilitate the development of new additives, resulting in more stable and functional polymeric materials.

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Photo-stabilising action of metal chelate stabilisers in polypropylene: Part VII—Additive interactions

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Photostabilization of Polymers

Photostabilization of Polymers

Perspectives on additives for polymers. Part 2. Aspects of photostabilization and role of fillers and pigments

Search for Unified Action Mechanism of Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers

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