Photo-electrochemical and physical characterizations of a new single crystal POM- based material. Application to Rhodamine B photodegradation

Ultrafast Microwave Synthesis of WO3 Nanostructured Films for Solar Photocatalysis

“…[70,[80][81][82] The positive slope confirmed the n-type conductivity of WO 3, and the electron concentrations for the WO 3 :150 C:10 min and WO 3 :180 C:10 min films were N D ¼ 1.72 Â 10 19 and 1.10 Â 10 19 cm À3 , respectively. The values have been estimated from the MS relation, as follows [83][84][85][86]…”

MIL-101(Cr)–cobalt ferrite magnetic nanocomposite: synthesis, characterization and applications for the sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye pollutants

“…Finally, the residual solution of the organic dye was analyzed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 557 and 467 nm to evaluate the concentration of residual RhB and MO dyes, respectively. Also, the effects of various parameters, such as initial concentration of RhB (5,15,25, and 35 mg L À1 ), sonocatalyst amount (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 g L À1 ), and concentration of H 2 O 2 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 mmol L À1 ), on the sonocatalytic activity of MIL-101(Cr)/CoFe 2 O 4 were investigated. The percentage degradation efficiency (DE%) was also determined using eqn (1) as follows:…”

“…The sonocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over a sonocatalyst is based on both sonoluminescence and hot spots, which originate from the ultrasoniccavitation effect. 24,25 Sonoluminescence seems can produce abundant visible light, which excites the prepared MIL-101(Cr)/ CoFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite, and subsequently it acts as a sonocatalyst. Moreover, the formation of hot spots results in the generation of electrons and holes on the surface of the MIL-101(Cr)/CoFe 2 O 4 sonocatalyst.…”

“…Firstly, it is well known that the sonoluminescence caused by the ultrasonic cavitation effect can generally generate lights with a wide wavelength range. 24,25 The generated light with an appropriate wavelength can excite the applied nanoparticles in the solution, acting as a sonocatalyst to perform pollutant degradation. Secondly, as is known, the "hot spots" produced by the ultrasonic cavitation effect in aqueous medium can achieve very high temperatures (more than 1000 C).…”

“…These heat energies of the "hot spots" can also excite the prepared nanoparticles similar to light. 24,25 Under the excitation of the generated light and heat, electrons migrate from the valence band (VB) to the conduction band (CB) of the nanoparticles, resulting in the formation of e À /h + pairs in the inner or on the surface of the nanoparticles. However, CoFe 2 O 4 has serious drawbacks including the easy recombination of e À / h + pairs and high agglomeration in solution, which decrease its catalytic activity.…”