Photo-catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to methane using TiO2 as suspension in water

Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction in Gas-Solid Regime in the Presence of Bare, SiO2 Supported or Cu-Loaded TiO2 Samples

“…The photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 on TiO 2 has been studied in aqueous solutions [4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], in liquid CO 2 [14] and in solid-gas systems [15][16][17][18]. The efficiency of the conversion of CO 2 to fuels in aqueous suspension systems was very low when H 2 O was used as the reductant but higher yields of products were obtained in the presence of molecules acting as hole sacrificial scavengers.…”

Transformation of Carbon Dioxide to Useable Products through Free Radical‐Induced Reactions

“…Chemical reduction of CO 2 with different energy inputs such as light energy through photochemical reactions using semiconductor photocatalysts [26][27][28][29][30][31][32], high-energy ionizing radiation (radiolysis) [33][34][35][36][37], electrochemical reactions (electrolysis) [38][39][40][41][42] (discussed below), sonolysis [43][44][45], and dielectric barrier discharge [46][47][48][49][50], etc. has been studied by researchers all over the world in the last decades.…”

“…Commercially available as well as laboratory-synthesized TiO 2 photocatalysts in different forms have been used for CO 2 reduction [26,[28][29][30][31][70][71][72][73][74][75] to generate different products such as HCOOH, HCHO, methanol, hydrocarbons, CO, etc. Extensive research on photochemical reduction of CO 2 has been carried out in the recent past to produce the above-mentioned products, which depend on various factors.…”

Effect of Fe Loading Condition and Reductants on CO2 Reduction Performance with Fe/TiO2 Photocatalyst

“…It is well known that CO 2 can be reduced into fuels, for example, CO, CH 4 , CH 3 OH, and H 2 by using TiO 2 as the photocatalyst under ultraviolet (UV) light illumination [4][5][6][7][8][9]. If this technique could be applied practically, a carbon circulation system would then be established: CO 2 from the combustion of fuel is reformed to fuels again using solar energy, and true zero emission can be achieved.…”

“…Noble metal doping such as Pt, Pd, Au, and Ag [11], nanocomposite CdS/TiO 2 combining two different band gap photocatalysts [12], N 2 -modified TiO 2 [13], light harvesting complex of green plants assisted Rh-doped TiO 2 [14], and dye-sensitized TiO 2 [15] have been attempted to overcome the shortcomings of pure TiO 2 . They did improve the CO 2 reduction performance; however, the concentrations in the products achieved in all the attempts so far were still low, ranging from 10 ppmV to 1000 ppmV [4][5][6]9] or from 1 μmol/g-cat to 100 μmol/g-cat [7,8,[11][12][13][14][15]. Therefore, a big breakthrough in increasing the concentration level of products is necessary to advance the CO 2 reduction technology in order to make the technology practically useful.…”