Photo-/Bio-degradability of Agro Waste and Ethylene–Propylene Copolymers Composites Under Abiotic and Biotic Environments

Kumar, Anil; Pandey, Jitendra; Kumar, Bijendra; Singh, R. P.

doi:10.1007/s10924-006-0012-9

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…9 Efforts are now being made to replace TPEs by reinforced TPEs. This has encouraged studies on natural fiber-reinforced TPE composites, for example, coir fiber-mixed maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene–propylene copolymer mixtures, 10 jute fiber-reinforced ethylene–propylene copolymer composites, 11,12 and coir or sisal fiber-reinforced PP (polypropylene)-based ethylene–butane copolymer composites 13 . However, only a few reports are available on natural fiber/thermoplastic elastomeric composites and their dynamic mechanical properties, and the effects of the absorbed water on their properties have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and properties of recycled bamboo fiber reinforced chemically functionalized ethylene propylene rubber composites

Dinesh

Palsule

2019

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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Recycled bamboo fiber-reinforced chemically functionalized ethylene propylene rubber (R-BMBF/CF-EPR) composites have been developed by extrusion and injection molding by Palsule process without any fiber treatment and without compatibilizer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows good R-BMBF/CF-EPR interfacial adhesion in the composites, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirms that esterification and the hydrogen bonding between functional groups of CF-EPR and of R-BMBF impart this interfacial adhesion. Mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and thermal properties and the effect of water absorption on tensile properties of the composites have been evaluated. Tensile properties of the 15/85, 25/75, and 35/65 R-BMBF/CF-EPR composites are higher than those of CF-EPR and increase with increasing R-BMBF in the composites. Storage modulus and loss modulus of the composites increase with increasing fiber contents in them but decrease with increasing temperature. Water-absorbed wet composites show thickness swelling and reduced tensile properties relative to the respective dry composites but higher tensile properties than the dry CF-EPR. Thermal stability and degradation of the composites is also reported.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and properties of recycled bamboo fiber reinforced chemically functionalized ethylene propylene rubber composites

Dinesh

Palsule

2019

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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“…In this sense, the type and number of functional groups in the surface region is an important component of the biodegradation process. In addition, the change in concentration of several groups can be used as sensors that indicate the presence of biotic degradation [ 19 , 39 , 40 ]. In general, it is accepted that the surface wettability is an important property of the surface in the starting stages of the biodegradation of a polymeric material which will probably determine the extent of the substrate colonization with microorganisms [ 22 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Untreated films showed a lower number of adhered cells when compared to the treated films, showing that cell adhesion was influenced by the treatments, which increased the biocompatibility [ 16 ]. The synergetic effect of the abiotic and biotic process in the biodegradation of synthetic polymers was also studied and reviewed recently [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-Surface Treatment of Fungal Resistant Polyether Polyurethane Film-Induced Growth of Entomopathogenic Fungi

Lando

Marconatto

Kessler

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Synthetic polymers are the cause of some major environmental impacts due to their low degradation rates. Polyurethanes (PU) are widely used synthetic polymers, and their growing use in industry has produced an increase in plastic waste. A commercial polyether-based thermoplastic PU with hydrolytic stability and fungus resistance was only attacked by an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhiziumanisopliae, when the films were pre-treated with Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in the presence of reactive atmospheres. Water contact angle, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and profilometer measurements were mainly used for analysis. Permanent hydrophilic PU films were produced by the UV-assisted treatments. Pristine polyether PU films incubated for 10, 30, and 60 days did not show any indication of fungal growth. On the contrary, when using oxygen in the UV pre-treatment a layer of fungi spores covered the sample, indicating a great adherence of the microorganisms to the polymer. However, if acrylic acid vapors were used during the UV pre-treatment, a visible attack by the entomopathogenic fungi was observed. SEM and FTIR-ATR data showed clear evidence of fungal development: growth and ramifications of hyphae on the polymer surface with the increase in UV pre-treatment time and fungus incubation time. The results indicated that the simple UV surface activation process has proven to be a promising alternative for polyether PU waste management.

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“…However, the utilization of natural additives is a new phenomenon; commercially available bio-based plastics have incorporated synthetic additives. Apart from the incorporation of natural additives, UV-induced degradation is inhibited by maleic anhydride treatment, direct, reactive mixing, and graft copolymerization during synthesis [27].…”

Section: Production Of Bio-based Polymers From Renewable Sources and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Sustainable and Biodegradable Polymers from Agricultural Waste

2020

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Agro-wastes are derived from diverse sources including grape pomace, tomato pomace, pineapple, orange, and lemon peels, sugarcane bagasse, rice husks, wheat straw, and palm oil fibers, among other affordable and commonly available materials. The carbon-rich precursors are used in the production bio-based polymers through microbial, biopolymer blending, and chemical methods. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that 20–30% of fruits and vegetables are discarded as waste during post-harvest handling. The development of bio-based polymers is essential, considering the scale of global environmental pollution that is directly linked to the production of synthetic plastics such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PET). Globally, 400 million tons of synthetic plastics are produced each year, and less than 9% are recycled. The optical, mechanical, and chemical properties such as ultraviolet (UV) absorbance, tensile strength, and water permeability are influenced by the synthetic route. The production of bio-based polymers from renewable sources and microbial synthesis are scalable, facile, and pose a minimal impact on the environment compared to chemical synthesis methods that rely on alkali and acid treatment or co-polymer blending. Despite the development of advanced synthetic methods and the application of biofilms in smart/intelligent food packaging, construction, exclusion nets, and medicine, commercial production is limited by cost, the economics of production, useful life, and biodegradation concerns, and the availability of adequate agro-wastes. New and cost-effective production techniques are critical to facilitate the commercial production of bio-based polymers and the replacement of synthetic polymers.

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Photo-/Bio-degradability of Agro Waste and Ethylene–Propylene Copolymers Composites Under Abiotic and Biotic Environments

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Structure and properties of recycled bamboo fiber reinforced chemically functionalized ethylene propylene rubber composites

Structure and properties of recycled bamboo fiber reinforced chemically functionalized ethylene propylene rubber composites

UV-Surface Treatment of Fungal Resistant Polyether Polyurethane Film-Induced Growth of Entomopathogenic Fungi

Production of Sustainable and Biodegradable Polymers from Agricultural Waste

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