Phosphorus removal enhancement of magnesium modified constructed wetland microcosm and its mechanism study

Lan, Wei; Zhang, Jian; Hu, Zhen; Ji, Mingde; Zhang, Xinwen; Zhang, Jianda; Li, Fazhan; Yao, Guoqing

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.10.150

Cited by 77 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although, different researches report that plant uptake is not a sustainable mechanism of elimination of P-PO 4 [67], and that the main mechanism is the adsorption of this compound on substrates [68], our study shows that vegetation could play an important role in reduction of P-PO 4 in tropical places. However, it is important to evaluate the combination of support media used in this study (RVG and PET) with others that have a greater capacity to remove P-PO 4 [69], such as zeolite [70], and magnesium-containing materials [71]. Regarding the type of substrate, significant differences were observed between both substrates using vegetation (p = 0.001).…”

Section: P-pomentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of the Use of Ornamental Plants and Different Substrates in the Removal of Wastewater Pollutants through Microcosms of Constructed Wetlands

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The high costs involved in treating wastewater are problems that developing countries confront, mainly in rural areas. Therefore, Constructed Wetlands (CWs), which are composed of substrate, vegetation, and microorganisms, are an economically and ecologically viable option for wastewater treatment in these places. There is a wide variety of possibilities for substrates and ornamental plants that have not yet been evaluated to be implemented in future CW designs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the process of adaptation and removal of wastewater pollutants in CW microcosms using different terrestrial ornamental plants (Lavandula sp., Spathiphyllum wallisii, and Zantedeschia aethiopica). Those plants were sown in two types of substrate: red volcanic gravel (RVG) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). CWs with vegetation reduced 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) by 68% with RVG substrate and 63% with PET substrate, nitrates 50% in RVG substrate and 35% in PET substrate, phosphates 38% in RVG substrate and 35% in PET substrate, and fecal coliforms 64% in RVG and 59% in PET substrate). In control microcosms without vegetation, reductions were significantly lower than those in the presence of plants, with reduction of BOD 5 by 61% in RVG substrate and 55% in PET substrate, nitrates 26% in RVG substrate and 22% in PET substrate, phosphates 27% in RVG substrate and 25% in PET substrate. Concerning fecal coliforms 62% were removed in RVG substrate and 59% in PET substrate. Regarding the production of flowers, Lavandula sp. did not manage to adapt and died 45 days after sowing and did not produce flowers. Spathiphyllum wallisii produced 12 flowers in RVG and nine flowers in PET, while Zantedeschia aethiopica produced 10 in RVG and 7 in PET. These results showed that the use of substrates made of RVG and PET is a viable alternative to be implemented in CWs. In addition, the reuse of PET is an option that decreases pollution by garbage. The plants Spathiphyllum wallisii and Zantedeschia aethiopica remarkably contribute in the removal of pollutants in wastewater. Additionally, the use of ornamental plants, with commercial interest such as those evaluated, enables an added value to the CW to be given, which can be used for flower production purposes on a larger scale and favor its acceptance within rural communities.

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Section: P-pomentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of the Use of Ornamental Plants and Different Substrates in the Removal of Wastewater Pollutants through Microcosms of Constructed Wetlands

et al. 2018

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“…This value decreased significantly (p = 0.001) in CWs with vegetation 7.74 ± 0.11mg/L and 6.69 ± 0.15 mg/L in PET and PRS respectively (Figure 3c,d), compared to the systems without plants (9.18 ± 012 mg/L in PET and 8.92 ± 0.25 mg/L in PRS), which could be due to the absorption of PO 4 -P ion by plants for growing development [44], as shown in Figure 2. This behavior is explainable given the main phosphorus removal mechanisms in wetlands (by substrate adsorption and assimilation by plants [45]. However, these values do not comply with the Mexican standard which specifies phosphorus as total phosphorus (PT) and establishes a maximum allowable limit of 5 mg/L.…”

Section: Contaminants Concentration In Influents and Effluents From Cwsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Ornamental Plant Density and Mineral/Plastic Media on the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Pollutants by Home Wetlands Technology

et al. 2020

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Wastewater treatment (WWT) is a priority around the world; conventional treatments are not widely used in rural areas owing to the high operating and maintenance costs. In Mexico, for instance, only 40% of wastewater is treated. One sustainable option for WWT is through the use of constructed wetlands (CWs) technology, which may remove pollutants using cells filled with porous material and vegetation that works as a natural filter. Knowing the optimal material and density of plants used per square meter in CWs would allow improving their WWT effect. In this study, the effect of material media (plastic/mineral) and plant density on the removal of organic/inorganic pollutants was evaluated. Low (three plants), medium (six plants) and high (nine plants) densities were compared in a surface area of 0.3 m2 of ornamental plants (Alpinia purpurata, Canna hybrids and Hedychium coronarium) used in polycultures at the mesocosm level of household wetlands, planted on the two different substrates. Regarding the removal of contaminants, no significant differences were found between substrates (p ≥ 0.05), indicating the use of plastic residues (reusable) is an economical option compared to typical mineral materials. However, differences (p = 0.001) in removal of pollutants were found between different plant densities. For both substrates, the high density planted CWs were able to remove COD in a range of 86–90%, PO4-P 22–33%, NH4-N in 84–90%, NO3-N 25–28% and NO2-N 38–42%. At medium density, removals of 79–81%, 26–32, 80–82%, 24–26%, and 39–41%, were observed, whereas in CWs with low density, the detected removals were 65–68%, 20–26%, 79–80%, 24–26% and 31–40%, respectively. These results revealed that higher COD and ammonia were removed at high plant density than at medium or low densities. Other pollutants were removed similarly in all plant densities (22–42%), indicating the necessity of hybrid CWs to increase the elimination of PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N. Moreover, high density favored 10 to 20% more the removal of pollutants than other plant densities. In addition, in cells with high density of plants and smaller planting distance, the development of new plant shoots was limited. Thus, it is suggested that the appropriate distance for this type of polyculture plants should be from 40 to 50 cm in expansion to real-scale systems in order to take advantage of the harvesting of species in these and allow species of greater foliage, favoring its growth and new shoots with the appropriate distance to compensate, in the short time, the removal of nutrients.

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“…The coexistence of aerobic and anoxic metabolic activities in the same biomass ecosystem for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) also make biofilm technologies attractive [10]. Meanwhile, constructed wetlands (CWs) are also considered a promising water purification technology for treated sewage effluents since they have a low-energy consumption, are environmentally friendly, and have low construction and operation costs [11]. Wetland sediments provide suitable habitats for microbial communities that are associated with the biogeochemical nitrogen removal cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of organic and nitrogen in a novel anoxic fixed-bed / aerobic fluidized-moving bed integrated with a constructed wetland bio-reactor (A/O-FMCW)

et al. 2020

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An innovative hybrid process was designed using an integrated bio-reactor based on an anoxic / aerobic process that combined a fixed bed and a fluidized-moving bed with a constructed wetland (A/OFMCW) to enhance the removal of organic material and nitrogen. The goal was to achieve stringent discharge standards for rural domestic wastewater treatment. A preliminary lab-scale investigation of about 130 days obtained an average COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal rate as high as 92.2% at an average influent concentration of 319.5 mg/L. The average TN (Total Nitrogen) removal efficiency positively correlated with the attached-growth biofilm as observed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and declined from 79.1% to 53.2%. The was accompanied by a gradual increase in the average influent concentration from 16.73 to 52.01 mg/L despite the relative nitrification rate fluctuating between 92.5% and 97.9%. The entire integrated system improved the COD removal efficiency by nearly 36% and the TN by 14–28%. Classical autotrophic nitrification and heterotrophic denitrification were the main mechanisms responsible for the elimination of pollutants, and the latter was determined to be the limiting step. Overall, this study provides an effective and less expensive alternative method to apply or upgrade DWWT (Decentralized Wastewater Treatment).

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Phosphorus removal enhancement of magnesium modified constructed wetland microcosm and its mechanism study

Cited by 77 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of the Use of Ornamental Plants and Different Substrates in the Removal of Wastewater Pollutants through Microcosms of Constructed Wetlands

Effects of the Use of Ornamental Plants and Different Substrates in the Removal of Wastewater Pollutants through Microcosms of Constructed Wetlands

Effects of Ornamental Plant Density and Mineral/Plastic Media on the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Pollutants by Home Wetlands Technology

Removal of organic and nitrogen in a novel anoxic fixed-bed / aerobic fluidized-moving bed integrated with a constructed wetland bio-reactor (A/O-FMCW)

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