Phosphorus Regulates the Level of Signaling Molecules in Rice to Reduce Cadmium Toxicity

Abstract

Phosphorus treatment can reduce Cd accumulation and Cd toxicity in rice, but alterations in the internal regulatory network of rice during this process have rarely been reported. We have removed the effect of cadmium phosphate precipitation from the hydroponic system, treated a pair of different Cd-response rice varieties with different levels of phosphorus and cadmium and examined the changes in physiological indicators and regulatory networks. The results demonstrated that phosphorus treatment significantly reduced Cd accumulation in both types of rice, although the antioxidant systems within the two types of rice produced opposite responses. Overall, 3 mM phosphorus treatment to Cd-N decreased the expression of OsIAA17 and OsACO1 by 32% and 37%, respectively, while increasing the expression of OsNR2 by 83%; these three genes regulate the synthesis of auxin, ethylene, and nitric oxide in rice. IAA and NO levels in rice shoots increased by 24% and 96%, respectively, and these changes contribute to Cd detoxification. The cadmium transporter genes OsHMA2, OsIRT1, and OsABCC1 were significantly down-regulated in Cd-N roots after triple phosphorus treatment. These data suggest that phosphorus treatment can reduce Cd accumulation and enhance Cd resistance in rice by affecting the expression of signaling molecules.

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“…However, further investigations are needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved. In addition, related studies have found that the interaction between phosphate and Cd can lead to reduced Cd accumulation in rice ( Chen et al., 2022 ). In our experiment, we used the standard Hoagland-Arnon solution ( Arnon and Hoagland, 1940 ) and strictly controlled the consistency of phosphate concentration in the nutrient solution.…”

Mineral nutrients in plants under changing environments: A road to future food and nutrition security

“…Interestingly, supplementation of P (30 mg P kg −1 ) reduced arsenic (As) toxicity in the mustard plant by influencing NO (nitric oxide) biosynthesis, enhancing proline metabolism, ROS scavenging systems such as ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) and glyoxalase system, and improving plant growth (Khan et al., 2021). P (3 mM) treatment has been shown to reduce cadmium (Cd) accumulation and improve Cd resistance in rice by downregulating the transcription of Cd transporter ( OsHMA2 , OsIRT1 , and OsABCC1 ) and signaling molecules ( OsIAA17 , OsACO , and OsNR2 ) genes (Chen et al., 2022; Figure 2). This study advances our understanding of the intrinsic regulation of P–Cd interactions in crops.…”

Editorial for the Special Issue “Advanced Research in Plant Metabolomics”

“…Expression of gene was also investigated by Chen et al [ 6 ]. in a research paper where the effect of phosphorus (P) fertilizer on cadmium (Cd) detoxification mechanism in rice crop was described.…”