Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge ash through an electrodialytic process

Review of sewage sludge management: standards, regulations and analytical methods

“…Best results were achieved after 14 days of electrodialysis. After 7 days only 20 % of total phosphorus was recovered in the anode end with almost 42 % of the phosphorus remaining in the liquid phase (Guedes, et al, 2014). Further studies should be carried out to improve the process.…”

Sewage sludge ash characteristics and potential for use in concrete

“…Quartz and hematite have been identified as the most abundant minerals in SSA, whilst many other iron oxides, iron phosphates, calcium phosphates and aluminium phosphates have been reported to a lesser degree [3][4][5][11][12][13]16,21,24,[29][30][31][32][43][44][45]51,58,59,64,68,74,76,77,79,94,95,99,102,[105][106][107][108][109][110]. The amorphous content of SSA ranged from 35-75%, which suggests that the material is somewhat reactive and, when ground sufficiently fine, may have potential as a cement component.…”

“…The amorphous content of SSA ranged from 35-75%, which suggests that the material is somewhat reactive and, when ground sufficiently fine, may have potential as a cement component. Table 1 has been prepared to provide analysis of the extensively reported toxic and non-toxic element concentrations of SSA [2,4,12,13,17,28,30,32,34,35,42,44,45,49,55,56,58,[70][71][72][73][74]76,82,83,85,87,97,[100][101][102][103][104]107,108,.…”

Transformation of apatite phosphorus and non-apatite inorganic phosphorus during incineration of sewage sludge

“…Several studies focused on P recovery as struvite from incinerated SSA (Ahmad and Idris, 2014;Xu et al, 2012a) or the production of technical grade phosphoric acid (Donatello et al, 2010a) after thermal treatment. Guedes et al (2014) an electrodialytic process in which the anolyte presented mainly as orthophosphate. Apatite minerals (mainly Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) are the main raw materials used in fertilizer manufacture (Tan and Lagerkvist, 2011).…”