Phosphorus Inputs to Lake Simcoe from 1990 to 2003: Declines in Tributary Loads and Observations on Lake Water Quality

Winter, Jennifer G.; Eimers, M. Catherine; Dillon, Peter J.; Scott, L. D.; Scheider, W. A.; Willox, Campbell C.

doi:10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[381:pitlsf]2.0.co;2

Cited by 97 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Increasing Bythotrephes populations with lake reoligotrophication has been observed in other European lakes where Bythotrephes is native (reviewed in Therriault et al 2002). In Lake Simcoe, continued reductions in TP loads (Winter et al 2007, Young et al 2010, combined with an increasing duration of thermal stratification and longer ice-free season , could result in larger Bythotrephes populations with a greater seasonal persistence, exacerbating its effects on the lake's food web in the future.…”

Section: Consequences Of Bythotrephes Invasion To Lake Simcoementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past several decades, improvements in Lake Simcoe's water quality and clarity, due to reductions in TP loading (Winter et al 2007) and the establishment of zebra mussels in 1996 (Eimers et al 2005 as well as alterations to the lake's thermal regime , may have facilitated the successful establishment of Bythotrephes since its invasion. In Lago Maggiore, Italy, changes in lake trophy due to phosphorus abatement, as well as lengthening of the thermal stratification phase, has been shown to increase Bythotrephes density and seasonal duration (Manca et al 2007).…”

Section: Consequences Of Bythotrephes Invasion To Lake Simcoementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, Lake Simcoe water quality issues included excessive loading of phosphorus and other pollutants, growth of aquatic macrophytes and algae, and declines in late summer hypolimnetic oxygen levels leading to the recruitment failure of cold-water fish (Winter et al 2007, Young et al 2010. Progress has been made in recent years to reduce annual loads of phosphorus and increase late summer hypolimnetic oxygen levels (Winter et al 2007, Young et al 2010, but other contemporary stressors are now also of concern, including climate change and introductions of nonindigenous species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of the invasive spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus, in Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada

Kelly

Young

Winter

et al. 2013

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The invasion of the nonindigenous zooplankter Bythotrephes longimanus in Lake Simcoe has the potential to impact overall ecosystem functioning, yet there is currently no information regarding the status and dynamics of its population. We used a combination of uni-and multivariate analyses to examine variation in Bythotrephes interannual and seasonal abundance, and life-history characteristics in Lake Simcoe from 1999 to 2007, and we explored the biotic (predators, prey) and/or abiotic (water quality, temperature) factors that may have regulated its population over this period. The mean annual abundance of Bythotrephes varied by an order of magnitude over the period of study and was significantly associated with epilimnetic temperature and prey and predator abundance. Bythotrephes typically appeared in early summer and had 2 seasonal abundance peaks, which varied in magnitude and timing within and among years. August and September Secchi depth and total phosphorus concentration predicted groups of years with similar Bythotrephes phenologies, lending further support to the role of water clarity as a significant component of this visual predator's habitat in its invaded range. Bythotrephes body size and reproductive patterns also varied seasonally, possibly reflecting the seasonal availability of cladoceran prey, predation pressure from planktivorous fish, or adaptations to avoid unfavourable conditions. Overall, a complex interaction of fish predation, food availability, temperature, and water clarity controlled the dynamics of Bythotrephes in Lake Simcoe. Changes to the Lake Simcoe ecosystem due to Bythotrephes invasion may have important consequences for the ecosystem services provided by the lake and merit further investigation.

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Section: Consequences Of Bythotrephes Invasion To Lake Simcoementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences Of Bythotrephes Invasion To Lake Simcoementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of the invasive spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus, in Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada

Kelly

Young

Winter

et al. 2013

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“…Although the area of high intensity development is expected to increase by 51% in the Beaver River catchment, the current area of high intensity development is so small that this represents a change from ~2 to 3% of the catchment area by 2031 (Louis Berger Group Inc. 2010). Phosphorus concentrations in this tributary to Lake Simcoe are among the lowest of Simcoe's tributaries and are declining (Winter et al 2007). …”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like most inland waters of northern North America, Lake Simcoe is phosphorus (P) limited, and like many lakes, it is subject to elevated P loads from both urban and agricultural inputs. Elevated P inputs have led to increased algal productivity and hypolimnetic oxygen decline (Winter et al 2007, OMOE 2009, threatening the recreational fishery on the lake, which is among the most important in the province (Hogg et al 2009). Concern about the degraded state of the lake and economic impacts to the fishery led to development of ambitious management plans to facilitate lake restoration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus dynamics across intensively monitored subcatchments in the Beaver River

Baulch

Futter²,

Jin

et al. 2013

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We report results from a spatially intensive monitoring and modelling study to assess phosphorus (P) dynamics in the Beaver River, a tributary of Lake Simcoe, Ontario. We established multiple monitoring stations (9 flow and 24 water quality stations) from headwaters to near the outflow that were operated for 2 field seasons, complementing longer term data from a flow monitoring site and water chemistry monitoring site. We applied the Branched-INCA-P model, which allows fully distributed simulations supported by highly distributed monitoring data. Using spatially distributed data helped better understand variable P and sediment dynamics across the catchment and identify key model uncertainties and uncertainties related to catchment P management. Measured and modelled total P concentrations often exceeded provisional water quality thresholds in many areas of the catchment and highlight the value of studying water quality across multiple subcatchments rather than at a single site. Total P export coefficients differed widely among subcatchments, ranging from 2.1-21.4 kg km −2 y −1 over a single year. Export coefficients were most strongly (negatively) related to the proportion of wetland cover in subcatchments. The INCA-P model captured spatial variation in P concentrations relatively well, but short-term temporal variability in the observed data was not well simulated across sites, in part due to unmodelled hydrological phenomena including beaver activity and unknown drivers of P peaks that were not associated with hydrological events.

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The effectiveness and resilience of phosphorus management practices in the Lake Simcoe watershed, Ontario, Canada

et al. 2016

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Uncertainty surrounding future climate makes it difficult to have confidence that current nutrient management strategies will remain effective. This study used monitoring and modeling to assess current effectiveness (% phosphorus reduction) and resilience (defined as continued effectiveness under a changing climate) of best management practices (BMPs) within five catchments of the Lake Simcoe watershed, Ontario. The Integrated Catchment Phosphorus model (INCA‐P) was used, and monitoring data were used to calibrate and validate a series of management scenarios. To assess current BMP effectiveness, models were run over a baseline period 1985–2014 with and without management scenarios. Climate simulations were run (2070–2099), and BMP resilience was calculated as the percent change in effectiveness between the baseline and future period. Results demonstrated that livestock removal from water courses was the most effective BMP, while manure storage adjustments were the least. Effectiveness varied between catchments, influenced by the dominant hydrological and nutrient transport pathways. Resilience of individual BMPs was associated with catchment sensitivity to climate change. BMPs were most resilient in catchments with high soil water storage capacity and small projected changes in frozen‐water availability and in soil moisture deficits. Conversely, BMPs were less resilient in catchments with larger changes in spring melt magnitude and in overland flow proportions. Results indicated that BMPs implemented are not always those most suited to catchment flow pathways, and a more site‐specific approach would enhance prospects for maintaining P reduction targets. Furthermore, BMP resilience to climate change can be predicted from catchment physical properties and present‐day hydrochemical sensitivity to climate forcing.

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Phosphorus Inputs to Lake Simcoe from 1990 to 2003: Declines in Tributary Loads and Observations on Lake Water Quality

Cited by 97 publications

References 17 publications

Dynamics of the invasive spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus, in Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada

Dynamics of the invasive spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus, in Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada

Phosphorus dynamics across intensively monitored subcatchments in the Beaver River

The effectiveness and resilience of phosphorus management practices in the Lake Simcoe watershed, Ontario, Canada

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