Phosphorus-containing organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles for the smoke suppression and flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyurethane

Huang, Su-Dan; Deng, Cong; Zhao, Ze-Yong; Chen, Hong; Gao, Yuyang; Wang, Yu‐Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109179

Cited by 50 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Currently, surface modification is considered to be an effective and necessary method to overcome the above problem. − For instance, Xu et al grafted aminopropyltriethoxysilane into LDH intercalated with tripolyphosphate (A-LDH) and used it as a FR for a polyurethane elastomer (PUE) . The results showed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of PUE/A-LDH composites was reduced from 793 kW·m –2 for PUE to 521 kW·m –2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Modification of Layered Double Hydroxide by Phosphonitrilic Chloride Trimer and Aniline for Enhancing the Flame Retardancy of Polypropylene

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Owing to the poor dispersion of layered double hydroxide (LDH) in a polypropylene (PP) matrix and its own flameretardant efficiency being finite, the development of high-performance PP/LDH-based composites is still a tremendous challenge. To improve the dispersion of LDH and its inherent flame retardancy, phosphonitrilic chloride trimer (HCCP) was grafted onto the surface of LDH through the bridging effect of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and then further modified with aniline to replace the chlorine element in HCCP, so a flame-retardant (LDH@HA) was successfully synthesized. The flame retardancy and smoke suppression of LDH@HA with PP composites (PP/LDH@HA) were tested with the limit oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, and cone calorimetry tests. With a loading of 20 wt % LDH@HA, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke rate of PP/ LDH@HA composites were 300.1 kW•m −2 , 57.7 MJ•m −2 , and 697.5 m 2 •m −2 , respectively, which were decreased by 64.4, 46.4, and 49.1% in comparison to those of PP, and the LOI value of PP/LDH@HA reached 30.6% and achieved the UL-94 V-0 rating. The improvements in flame retardancy and smoke suppression were due mainly to the physical barrier effect of LDH and the catalytic carbonization effect of HCCP together with the nonflammable gases formed by the decomposition of aniline, which diluted the combustible gas concentration. Compared with PP/LDH, the optimization of the mechanical properties of composites was due mainly to the introduction of HCCP and aniline, which significantly enhanced the compatibility between LDH and PP and promoted the uniform distribution of LDH in the PP matrix. In conclusion, LDH@HA has low cost, easy fabrication, and an excellent smoke suppression effect, and the strategy provides a specific idea for the preparation of fire-resistant PP composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Modification of Layered Double Hydroxide by Phosphonitrilic Chloride Trimer and Aniline for Enhancing the Flame Retardancy of Polypropylene

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…However, the rigid intermolecular structure of PF was disturbed when the melamine–formaldehyde was generated, and an irregular cross-linked interpenetrating network structure was formed. Thus, the decomposition of PF was hindered. , Furthermore, the surface energy of SiO 2 was relatively low, and it migrated to the surface of the material during combustion to strengthen the carbon layer. In contrast, diethylhypophosphorous acid was formed by the degradation of ADP, and SiO 2 formed a silicon-containing phosphate to attenuate the volatilization of the phosphorus-containing compound.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Series of Novel Flame Retardants Produced with Nanosilica, Melamine, and Aluminum Diethylphosphinate to Improve the Flame Retardancy of Phenolic Resin

et al. 2022

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To facilitate the flame retardancy of phenolic resin (PF), a series of novel flame retardants with nano-SiO 2 , melamine, and aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) were freshly prepared and tested. A thermogravimetric analysis, cone calorimeter, and scanning electron microscopy were employed to determine the thermal decomposition, flame retardancy, combustion properties, and structure of the carbon residue layer of PF. The pyrolysis kinetic parameters of modified PF were then computed, and the pyrolysis process was appraised. The results indicated that when 1.5 wt % of nano-SiO 2 , 3 wt % of melamine, and 15 wt % of ADP were added to PF, the limiting oxygen index value reached 39.6%, and UL-94 passed the V-0 level. A substantial synergistic effect was also observed. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the char residue at 800 °C reached 59.93 wt %. Furthermore, in the cone calorimeter test, the total thermal release and thermal release rate decreased to 30.7 MJ/m 2 and 105.7 kW/m 2 , respectively.

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“…The joint effects of the phosphorus radical scavenger, the barrier effect of GO, and the three-dimensional Si-O-Si framework of P-HBPSi played important roles in the improvement of the fire safety of TPU. Furthermore, MoS 2 [ 13 ] and layered double hydroxide (LDH) were also utilized as effective flame retardants for TPU nanocomposites [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanohybrid of Co3O4 Nanoparticles and Polyphosphazene-Decorated Ultra-Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Simultaneous Enhancement in Fire Safety and Smoke Suppression of Thermoplastic Polyurethane

Tong

Zhao

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is widely used in daily life due to its characteristics of light weight, high impact strength, and compression resistance. However, TPU products are extremely flammable and will generate toxic fumes under fire attack, threatening human life and safety. In this article, a nanohybrid flame retardant was designed for the fire safety of TPU. Herein, Co3O4 was anchored on the surface of exfoliated ultra-thin boron nitride nanosheets (BNNO@Co3O4) via coprecipitation and subsequent calcination. Then, a polyphosphazene (PPZ) layer was coated onto BNNO@Co3O4 by high temperature polymerization to generate a nanohybrid flame retardant named BNNO@Co3O4@PPZ. The cone calorimeter results exhibited that the heat release and smoke production during TPU combustion were remarkably restrained after the incorporation of the nanohybrid flame retardant. Compared with pure TPU, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) decreased by 44.1%, the peak smoke production rate (PSPR) decreased by 51.2%, and the peak CO production rate (PCOPR) decreased by 72.5%. Based on the analysis of carbon residues after combustion, the significant improvement in fire resistance of TPU by BNNO@Co3O4@PPZ was attributed to the combination of quenching effect, catalytic carbonization effect, and barrier effect. In addition, the intrinsic mechanical properties of TPU were well maintained due to the existence of the PPZ organic layer.

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Phosphorus-containing organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles for the smoke suppression and flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyurethane

Cited by 50 publications

References 45 publications

Dual Modification of Layered Double Hydroxide by Phosphonitrilic Chloride Trimer and Aniline for Enhancing the Flame Retardancy of Polypropylene

Dual Modification of Layered Double Hydroxide by Phosphonitrilic Chloride Trimer and Aniline for Enhancing the Flame Retardancy of Polypropylene

A Series of Novel Flame Retardants Produced with Nanosilica, Melamine, and Aluminum Diethylphosphinate to Improve the Flame Retardancy of Phenolic Resin

Nanohybrid of Co3O4 Nanoparticles and Polyphosphazene-Decorated Ultra-Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Simultaneous Enhancement in Fire Safety and Smoke Suppression of Thermoplastic Polyurethane

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