Phosphonate-Derived Nanoporous Metal Phosphates and Their Superior Energy Storage Application

Abstract

Nanoporous nickel, aluminum, and zirconium phosphates (hereafter, abbreviated as NiP, AlP, and ZrP, respectively) with high surface areas and controlled morphology and crystallinity have been synthesized through simple calcination of the corresponding phosphonates. For the preparation of phosphonate materials, nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid (NMPA) is used as phosphorus source. The organic component in the phosphonate materials is thermally removed to form nanoporous structures in the final phosphate materials. The formation mechanism of nanoporous structures, as well as the effect of applied calcination temperatures on the morphology and crystallinity of the final phosphate materials, is carefully discussed. Especially, nanoporous NiP materials have a spherical morphology with a high surface area and can have great applicability as an electrode material for supercapacitors. It has been found that there is a critical effect of particle sizes, surface areas, and the crystallinities of NiP materials toward electrochemical behavior. Our nanoporous NiP material has superior specific capacitance, as compared to various phosphate nanomaterials reported previously. Excellent retention capacity of 97% is realized even after 1000 cycles, which can be ascribed to its high structural stability.

Recent Progress in Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Nanostructures for Energy and Environmental Applications

“…Moreover,w ithin appropriate potentialw indows, they can exhibit electrochemical faradaic reactions. [108,109] Moreover,i nc omparison with Co(OH) 2 nanomaterials obtained by other strategies, MOF-derived Co(OH) 2 nanostructures exhibit better electrochemical performance. [104][105][106][107] As reportedb yZ hang et al,C o(OH) 2 nanostructures can be facilely synthesized by using ZIF-67 as at emplate.…”

Calcined Nickel‐Cobalt Mixed Metal Phosphonate with Efficient Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

“…Metal phosphonates, which are well known as an important branch of organic–inorganic hybrid materials, have attracted many interests for their diverse structures and applications in many areas such as gas sorption, ion exchange, supercapacitor, catalysis, magnetism, so on. Metal phosphonates have also been reported in many literatures due to their abundant storage capacity, environmental benignity and corrosive resistance in alkaline solution .…”

Iron Doping Effect for Oxygen Evolution Hybrid Catalysts based on Nickel Phosphate/Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanoflakes

“…The metal organophosphonate precursors were prepared according to the method reported by Yusuke Yamauchi et al [40] In a typical synthesis of nickel organophosphonate material, 1 mmol of ATMP solution was added into10 mL of water and adjusted the PH value to 4 using aqueous ammonia solution. Afterwards, the solution of 3 mmol NiCl 2 · 6H 2 O solving in10 mL water and dropped into the above acid solution.…”