Phospholipids vs. neutral lipids: Effects on digestive enzymes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae

Wold, Per-Arvid; Hoehne‐Reitan, K.; Cahu, Chantal; Zambonino-Infante, José‐Luis; Rainuzzo, Jose R.; Kjørsvik, Elin

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.06.034

Cited by 57 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The total length/weight increased progressively since birth until the third stage (18 days), when seahorses needed to use energy also to develop physiological systems. Unlike happen in pelagic fish (Santamaría et al 2004;Wold et al 2007), higher rates of growth were (Cañavate et al 2006), with values that decreasing after the metamorphosis. This fact occurs also in H. reidi during the 4th stage, mainly characterized by the growth of the pre-existing structures.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Development of seahorse (Hippocampus reidi, Ginsburg 1933): histological and histochemical study

Novelli

Socorro

Caballero

et al. 2015

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Biological aspects and global demand for aquarium promote seahorses as new species with high potential for commercial purposes; however, the low newborn survival rate represents the main bottleneck of seahorses farming. In this study, the organogenesis of the Hippocampus reidi was analysed from release until the 30th day after birth, using histological and histochemical approaches. To study the stages of their early life, 360 individuals were killed, sectioned, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Sudan Black B techniques. At birth, mouth and anus were open, the swim bladder inflated, and the visual system highly developed. Among the results, it was emphasized the presence of the yolk sac until the 2nd day after birth, the loops of the intestine to accommodate its elongation, and the ability of the larvae to absorb lipids in the anterior and posterior tract of the intestine. A short time (7/8 days) between reabsorption of yolk sac and formation of gonads was registered, with primordial follicles visible from the 10th day after birth. For the first time, organogenesis in H. reidi was described in detail; seahorses underwent a marked metamorphosis, and the indirect development observed in this species lead up to reconsider the term "juvenile" used for H. reidi during this period.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Development of seahorse (Hippocampus reidi, Ginsburg 1933): histological and histochemical study

Novelli

Socorro

Caballero

et al. 2015

Fish Physiol Biochem

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“…In the earlier case, CCK levels between 0.5 -1.0 fmol larva -1 found for larval cod of comparable age (to 17 dph in Kortner et al, 2011b) in the present study might be the threshold for the regulatory role of CCK in larval cod. In general, the developmental pattern of different digestive enzymes has been described in several species, including California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) (AlvarezGonzález et al, 2005), sea bass (Cahu and Zambonino Infante, 1994), cobia (Rachycentron canadum) (Faulk et al, 2007), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) (Lazo et al, 2000a) and Atlantic cod (Wold et al, 2007) and has been found to be speciesspecific. It has been proposed, that digestive enzyme activities in early stages of marine fish larvae are under transcriptional control, but can be triggered by the nutritional composition of the diet (Zambonino Infante and Cahu, 2001).…”

Section: Ontogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal control of tryptic enzyme activity in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua): Involvement of cholecystokinin during ontogeny and diurnal rhythm

et al. 2013

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Please cite this article as: Tillner, Robert, Rønnestad, Ivar, Harboe, Torstein, Ueberschär, Bernd, Hormonal control of tryptic enzyme activity in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua): Involvement of cholecystokinin during ontogeny and diurnal rhythm, Aquaculture (2013Aquaculture ( ), doi: 10.1016Aquaculture ( /j.aquaculture.2013 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThe ontogenetic development of the gut hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) and the key proteolytic enzyme trypsin was described in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua) from first-feeding until 38 days post first-feeding (dpff). CCK is known to play a major role in the endocrine control of digestive processes in mammals and adult fish, but its regulatory role in the larval stages of marine fish is largely unknown. Only small amounts of CCK were found in the body (excluding head) in cod larvae at first-feeding, but CCK levels increased exponentially with development, suggesting a more pronounced role of CCK during ontogeny. Tryptic enzyme activity increased slightly until a standard length of ca. 8 mm (approx. 33 days dpff) with a significant increase in larvae larger than 8 mm standard length, indicating limited digestive capacity in the early stages. To entangle the short-term feedback mechanism between CCK and tryptic enzyme activity, we conducted a 12 hour feeding experiment at 21 dpff. Cod larvae receiving only algae revealed a noticeable response in tryptic enzyme activity within two hours in the morning, whereas larvae fed algae and rotifers at the same time showed a slightly delayed response up to four hours. Tryptic enzyme activity remained low in the group receiving only algae as well as the two fed groups in the afternoon. No reaction in tryptic enzyme activity was observed in larvae that received a second meal of rotifers in the afternoon, indicating limited regulatory and digestive capacity to handle several meals in a short period. CCK levels remained relatively constant throughout the day but increased in the afternoon in all three groups when tryptic enzyme activity was low, suggesting that a negative feedback mechanism between CCK and tryptic enzyme activity is present in larval cod at least from 21 dpff.

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“…The gut maturation index, based on the relation between individual activity of bbm enzymes and a cytosolic enzyme leu-ala, has been used for evaluation of intestinal maturation in fish larvae, as higher ratios denote the more advanced enterocyte development (Cahu and Zambonino Infante 1995;Cahu et al 1999;Ribeiro et al 2002;Ma et al 2005;Wold et al 2007;Zouiten et al 2008). The significantly lower ratio of bbm LAP/leu-ala in treatments NRD-8 and NRD-13 on 28 dph showed that enterocytes of the larvae in these treatments were less matured than in the LF treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Also, Lazo et al (2000b) were able to obtain good growth and survival in red drum Sciaenops ocellatus larvae fed a compound diet from first feeding with addition of micro algae in the rearing tank. Complete elimination of Artemia by weaning of fish larvae onto microdiets directly from rotifers with acceptable survival and/or growth rate has been reported for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (Holt 1993), cod Gadus morhua (Baskerville-Bridges and Kling 2000; Rosenlund and Halldorsson 2007;Wold et al 2007) and Asia sea bass Lates calcarifer (Curnow et al 2006a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of early weaning strategies on growth, survival and digestive enzyme activities in cobia (Rachycentron canadum L.) larvae

et al. 2010

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The effects of weaning strategies of cobia (Rachycentron canadum L.) larvae to commercial microdiets, either from rotifers or from Artemia, on growth, survival and enzymatic digestive capacity, were investigated. In the first experiment, cobia larvae were weaned from rotifers by co-feeding with a microdiet (Otohime) from 8, 13 or 20 days post-hatching (dph). The larvae in the control treatment were fed rotifers (2-12 dph), Artemia nauplii from 7 dph, and co-fed with the microdiet from 20 dph. In the second experiment, the larvae were weaned from Artemia, which was fed to the larvae from 7 dph, by co-feeding with a microdiet (NRD) from 8, 13 or 18 dph. The larvae in control treatment were fed rotifers, then Artemia to the end of the experiment (28 dph). Weaning of cobia larvae onto a microdiet directly from rotifers significantly reduced growth, survival and digestive capacity of the larvae and did not lead to larval acceptance of the microdiet, compared to those weaned from Artemia in the first experiment. Early weaning of cobia larvae onto NRD microdiet (on 8 or 13 dph) from Artemia in the second experiment also reduced growth, survival rate and gut maturation index, compared to those fed live feed. With available microdiets, weaning of cobia larvae could start from Artemia at around 18 dph in order to obtain comparable growth, survival and gut maturation to larvae fed live feed.

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Phospholipids vs. neutral lipids: Effects on digestive enzymes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae

Cited by 57 publications

References 49 publications

Development of seahorse (Hippocampus reidi, Ginsburg 1933): histological and histochemical study

Development of seahorse (Hippocampus reidi, Ginsburg 1933): histological and histochemical study

Hormonal control of tryptic enzyme activity in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua): Involvement of cholecystokinin during ontogeny and diurnal rhythm

Effects of early weaning strategies on growth, survival and digestive enzyme activities in cobia (Rachycentron canadum L.) larvae

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