Species identification within the genus Mycobacteriumand subsequent antibiotic susceptibility testing still rely on time-consuming, culture-based methods. Despite the recent development of DNA probes, which greatly reduce assay time, there is a need for a single platform assay capable of answering the multitude of diagnostic questions associated with this genus. We describe the use of a DNA probe array based on two sequence databases: one for the species identification of mycobacteria (82 unique 16S rRNA sequences corresponding to 54 phenotypical species) and the other for detectingMycobacterium tuberculosis rifampin resistance (rpoB alleles). Species identification or rifampin resistance was determined by hybridizing fluorescently labeled, amplified genetic material generated from bacterial colonies to the array. Seventy mycobacterial isolates from 27 different species and 15 rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis strains were tested. A total of 26 of 27 species were correctly identified as well as all of the rpoB mutants. This parallel testing format opens new perspectives in terms of patient management for bacterial diseases by allowing a number of genetic tests to be simultaneously run.

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

Although the 5‐HT6 receptor subtype was identified some 5 years ago, very little is known about its function within the brain. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, the neurochemical effects of a selective 5‐HT6 receptor ligand. Using in vivo microdialysis in the freely moving rat, we evaluated the effects of the selective 5‐HT6 receptor antagonist SB‐271046 by simultaneous measurement of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), glutamate and aspartate from the striatum and frontal cortex. SB‐271046 did not alter basal levels of 5‐HT, DA and NA in either brain region. Similarly, there was no change basal levels of either of the excitatory amino acids within the striatum. In contrast, administration of SB‐271046 (10 mg kg−1 s.c.) produced a significant (P<0.05), tetrodotoxin‐dependent, increase in extracellular levels of both glutamate and aspartate within the frontal cortex, reaching maximum values of 375.4±82.3 and 215.3±62.1% of preinjection values, respectively. British Journal of Pharmacology (2000) 130, 23–26; doi:

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We give a localized regularity condition for energy conservation of weak solutions of the Euler equations on a domain Ω ⊂ R d , d ≥ 2, with boundary. In the bulk of fluid, we assume Besov regularity of the velocity u ∈ L 3 (0, T ; B 1/3,c 0 3 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 76F02, 35Q30, 35Q31, 35Q35.