Phospholipid signaling pathway in Capsicum chinense suspension cells as a key response to consortium infection

Abstract

Background Mexico is considered the diversification center for chili species, but these crops are susceptible to infection by pathogens such as Colletotrichum spp., which causes anthracnose disease and postharvest decay in general. Studies have been carried out with isolated strains of Colletotrichum in Capsicum plants; however, under growing conditions, microorganisms generally interact with others, resulting in an increase or decrease of their ability to infect the roots of C. chinense seedlings and thus, cause disease. Results Morphological changes were evident 24 h after inoculation (hai) with the microbial consortium, which consisted primarily of C. ignotum. High levels of diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) and phosphatidic acid (PA) were found around 6 hai. These metabolic changes could be correlated with high transcription levels of diacylglycerol-kinase (CchDGK1 and CchDG31) at 3, 6 and 12 hai and also to pathogen gene markers, such as CchPR1 and CchPR5. Conclusions Our data constitute the first evidence for the phospholipids signalling events, specifically DGPP and PA participation in the phospholipase C/DGK (PI-PLC/DGK) pathway, in the response of Capsicum to the consortium, offering new insights on chilis’ defense responses to damping-off diseases.

Phospholipases C and D and Their Role in Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

“…These roles include reducing phosphatidic acid (PA) levels (by almost 30%), PLC inhibition [ 34 ], and rapid activation of PLC transcription in mere minutes [ 35 ], all of which are responses to aluminum stress. Additionally, high levels of diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) and PA were found in response to consortium infection involving PLC/DGK pathways [ 36 ]. This evidence establishes that PLDs produce another PA pool in response to different stresses.…”

Diversity of morphology, pathogenicity, and host range of Colletotrichum spp. associated with chili anthracnose in East Priangan, Indonesia

“…Anggrahini et al (2022) reported that Colletotrichum, the causal agent of chili anthracnose in C. annum and C. frutescens, is isolated from symptomatic chili fruit and leaves at altitudes ranging from 5 to 343 m above sea level. Furthermore, accordingAlmeida et al (2017) andSánchez- Sandoval et al (2021), anthracnose disease is detected in Capsicum chinense in Brazil and México.…”