Phospholipid and triacylglycerol fatty acid compositions of the major life stages and selected tissues of the tobacco hornworn Manduca sexta

Ogg, C L; Stanley-Samuelson, David W.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(92)90011-f

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For PLs, we recorded higher proportions of C16:0 (23% vs. 18%) and C18:2n-6 (24% vs. 17%) in M. unicostata; and higher proportions of C18:1 (30% vs. 27%) and C20:5n-3 (~10% vs. 1%) in P. luridus. The 20-carbon FAs, particularly C20: 5n-3 were found in amounts that are markedly greater than the trace levels seen in most terrestrial insects (Ogg & Stanley-Samuelson, 1992). Both pattern of insects differ from the total fatty acid profiles of the host plant, which had > 60% C18:3n-3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Low proportions of C20 PUFAs are a characteristic of most terresterial insects. For examples, C20:4n-6 was present at 0.04% of tissue phospholipid in houseflies, Musca domestica Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae) (Wakayama et al, 1985) and was present only as traces in tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) tissues (Ogg & Stanley-Samuelson 1992). In addition, Hoback et al (1999) recorded C20:4n-6 in very low quantities, which varied among tissue sources of Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The fatty acid compositions of predator Piocoris luridus (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) and its host Monosteria unicostata (Heteroptera: Tingidae) reared on almond

2007

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Fatty acid analysis of P. luridus and its host 461Abstract The changes in fatty acid compositions during nutritional interaction among almond Amygdalus communis Linnaeus (Rosales: Rosaceae) (host plant), lacebug Monosteria unicostata (Mulsant and Rey) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) and its predator Piocoris luridus Fieber (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) were determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. The fatty acid profiles of phospholipids and triacylglycerols were substantially different. Unlike the general observations for virtually most terrestrial insects, arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids were detected in high proportions of phospholipid fractions in both insects, especially in P. luridus. Also the almond tissues provide very little oleic acid to the herbivore diet, yet both insect species developed high proportions of this component. Our data reveals instances of specific accumulation of fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation/desaturation, and not incorporating selected fatty acids into cellular lipids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fatty acid compositions of predator Piocoris luridus (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) and its host Monosteria unicostata (Heteroptera: Tingidae) reared on almond

2007

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“…Previously, time-consuming chemical decomposition methods and chemical derivatization were required for structural elucidation of the lipid and phospholipids of Manduca sexta (15). More recently, electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) was employed by Hsu and Turk (16) to rapidly confirm the chain lengths of the sphingoid base and the fatty acid with a minimal consumption of material.…”

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confidence: 99%

Presence of unsaturated sphingomyelins and changes in their composition during the life cycle of the moth Manduca sexta

Abeytunga

Glick

Gibson

et al. 2004

Journal of Lipid Research

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NMR and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry were used to show for the first time the presence of sphingomyelins in extracts of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta ( Lepidoptera ). The sphingosine in the ceramide was identified as tetradecasphing-4-enine, and the fatty acids were C18:0, C20:0, C22:0, and C24:0 (compound 1). Heterogeneity in the ceramide was observed in sphingomyelins from M. sexta. All of the sphingomyelins were associated with their doubly unsaturated sphingosine, tetradecasphing-4,6-dienine (compound 2), which contained the same set of fatty acids as compound 1 and represents a novel set of sphingomyelins not previously reported in Lepidoptera. Lipid rafts were isolated from brains of M. sexta, and the association of these novel sphingomyelins with rafts was confirmed. The existence of the additional double bond was also observed in ceramide and ceramide phosphoethanolamine isolated from M. sexta Interest in insect sphingosines as cell membrane constituents dates back to the 1960s (1), but three decades of work has provided information on this class of compounds for only a few insect species, namely, Musca domestica (2), Calliphora erythrocephala (3), Trogoderma granarium (4), Apis mellifera (5), and Aedes albopictus (6). Similarly, only limited information exists with regard to insect glycosphingolipids (GSLs, arthrosides). The mosquito Aedes aegypti (7), the green-bottle fly Lucilia caesar (8), the blowfly Calliphora vicina (9), and Drosophila melanogaster (10) have been studied, with no report of sphingomyelin in these species. Sphingomyelin is commonly found in small amounts as a cell membrane component in mammals and is present in myelinated nerve fibers in larger amounts, but its exact functions have yet to be elucidated in insects. Because ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate have been identified as important regulators of apoptosis, cell motility, and raft formation in mammals (11, 12), the absence of such molecules in insects would have serious implications, inasmuch as biochemical pathways in insects and vertebrates have generally been conserved over tens of millions of years.In his review on insect glycolipids, Wiegandt (13) stated that insect ceramides typically consist of C14:1 and C16:1 sphingosines, which are shorter than mammalian bases of 18 carbons or longer. The fatty acids reported at that time were C18:0, C20:0, and C22:0. The sphingolipids isolated from Dipteran differed from vertebrate sphingolipids, and the presence of sphingomyelin was not reported.The characterization of sphingosine derivatives is challenging, inasmuch as they typically constitute far less than 1% of the total lipid content of a tissue sample (14). Previously, time-consuming chemical decomposition methods and chemical derivatization were required for structural elucidation of the lipid and phospholipids of Manduca sexta (15). More recently, electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) was employed by Hsu Abbreviations: CID, collision-induced dissociation; COSY, cor...

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“…These are the major tissues involved in immune responses in tobacco hornworms. So far, we have documented the presence of eicosanoid-precursor polyunsatu- rated fatty acids in phospholipids from both tissues Ogg and Stanley-Samuelson, 1992), and reported that hemocytes express a fatty acid incorporation system that is selective with respect to fatty acid structure and phospholipid species (Gadelhak and Stanley-Samuelson, 1994). We also described the background house-keeping patterns of eicosanoid biosynthesis in fat body and hemocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Phospholipase A2 in hemocytes of the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta

Schleusener

Stanley-Samuelson

1996

Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol.

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On the hypothesis that prostaglandins and other eicosanoids mediate nodulation responses to bacterial infections in insects, we describe an intracellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in homogenates prepared from hemocytes collected from the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. PLA2 hydrolyzes fatty acids from the sn‐2 position of phospholipids. Some PLA2s are thought to be the first and rate‐limiting step in biosynthesis of prostaglandins and other eicosanoids. The hemocyte PLA2 activity was sensitive to hemocyte homogenate protein concentration (up to 250 μg protein/reaction), pH (optimal activity at pH 8.0), and the presence of a Ca2+ chelator. Like PLA2s from mammalian sources, the hemocyte PLA2 was inhibited by the phospholipid analog oleyoxyethyl phosphorylcholine. Whereas most intracellular PLA2s require Ca2+ for catalytic activity, some PLA2s, including the hemocyte enzyme, are Ca2+‐independent. The hemocyte PLA2 exhibited a preference for arachidonyl‐associated substrate over palmitoyl‐associated substrate. These findings show that M. sexta hemocytes express a PLA2 that shows a marked preference for hydrolyzing arachidonic acid from phospholipids. The biological significance of this enzyme relates to cellular immune responses to bacterial infections. The hemocyte PLA2 may be the first biochemical step in synthesis of the eicosanoids that mediate cellular immunity in insects. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Phospholipid and triacylglycerol fatty acid compositions of the major life stages and selected tissues of the tobacco hornworn Manduca sexta

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

The fatty acid compositions of predator Piocoris luridus (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) and its host Monosteria unicostata (Heteroptera: Tingidae) reared on almond

The fatty acid compositions of predator Piocoris luridus (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) and its host Monosteria unicostata (Heteroptera: Tingidae) reared on almond

Presence of unsaturated sphingomyelins and changes in their composition during the life cycle of the moth Manduca sexta

Phospholipase A2 in hemocytes of the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta

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