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Fatty acid analysis of P. luridus and its host 461Abstract The changes in fatty acid compositions during nutritional interaction among almond Amygdalus communis Linnaeus (Rosales: Rosaceae) (host plant), lacebug Monosteria unicostata (Mulsant and Rey) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) and its predator Piocoris luridus Fieber (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) were determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. The fatty acid profiles of phospholipids and triacylglycerols were substantially different. Unlike the general observations for virtually most terrestrial insects, arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids were detected in high proportions of phospholipid fractions in both insects, especially in P. luridus. Also the almond tissues provide very little oleic acid to the herbivore diet, yet both insect species developed high proportions of this component. Our data reveals instances of specific accumulation of fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation/desaturation, and not incorporating selected fatty acids into cellular lipids.

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This research was carried out in almond orchards (Amygdalus sp.) in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia in 2003 in order to determine the spider fauna. Among the 129 specimens collected, 21 species belonging to 16 genera and 9 families were recorded at 10 localities with more spiders in the almond orchards in these regions. Among the species, Atea sturmi (Hahn, 1831) is a new record for the araneo-fauna of Turkey. The study was the first on spider fauna in almond orchards in Turkey.

Evaluations on insect species of various ecologies have been conducted in the provinces (Adıyaman, Batman, Gaziantep, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Siirt, Şanlıurfa, Şırnak) of Southeastern Anatolia region between the years 1948-2013. During this study a total of 187 species were found in 8 families and in 8 superfamilies of Hemiptera (Suborder Heteroptera). Those superfamilies are Gerroidea, Hebroidea, Corixoidea, Notonectoidea, Leptopodoidea, Cimicoidea, Naboidea, and Miroidea. The distribution of determined insect types according to the provinces, plant hosting and feeding type was also included. Information about their identification, host plants, and distribution in Southeastern Anatolia Region is presented as detailed.

Chalky spot damage on red lentil is the most important problem waiting for a solution regarding plant health at lentil cultivation in Southeast Anatolia Region, Turkey. The stink bugs, Piezedorus lituratus (F.) and Dolycorus baccarum L. were subjected to trials in cages and in sprayed and unsprayed plot trials in open lentil fields and fields containing windrowed lentils after harvesting. The study revealed that P. lituratus and D. baccarum feeding on red lentil caused chalky spot damage. Average damage to lentil seeds caused by P. lituratus was 13% and 7.8% and by D. baccarum was 4.9% and 2% in 2010 and 2011, respectively. There was a positive relation between P. lituratus density and chalky spot damage (r =0.788, r 2 =0.621, P=0.000). The study also showed that after the harvesting, the stink bugs gathered under windrowed lentils and continued feeding and causing chalky spot damage. The damage in unsprayed windrowed lentils (6.60%) was approximately 12-fold higher than that in sprayed windrowed lentils (0.57%). Study suggests conduction of future work on environmental friendly control methods of stink bugs and alternative harvesting methods.

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Plants in gardens and parks within Diyarbakir Province (Bağlar, Kayapınar, Sur, and Yenişehir) of Turkey were sampled throughout the years of 2016 and 2017. These collections yielded 10 species from the superfamily Coccoidea (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) including 3 species from the family Coccidae (Parthenolecanium corni [Bouché], Didesmococcus unifasciatus [Archangelskaya], Sphaerolecanium prunastri [Boyer de Fonscolombe]), 5 species from the family Diaspididae (Leucaspis pusilla [Löw], Pseudaulacaspis pentagona [Targiona-Tozzetti], Mercetaspis halli [Green], Salicicola kermanensis [Lindinger], Parlatoria oleae [Colvée]), and 1 species each from family Eriococcidae (Gossyparia spuria [Modeer]) and family Pseudococcidae (Planococcus vovae [Nasonov]). The diaspids L. pusilla, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, and Salicicola Kermanensis; the eriococcid G. spuria; and the pseudococcid Planococcus vovae represent the first records for the Diyarbakır Province insect fauna.