Phosphites attenuate Sclerotinia sclerotiorum-induced physiological impairments in common bean

Phosphites of manganese and zinc potentiate the resistance of common bean against infection by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli

“…However, we found that Zn phosphite was better than Mn phosphite in controlling CBB. This finding is in line with previous reports showing that Zn phosphite was more efficient than Cu phosphite in decreasing white mould severity in common bean even though the former showed lower fungitoxic effect than Cu phosphite (Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Brás, et al, 2018). Phosphites have a dual mode of action in disease control.…”

“…Phosphites have been recognized for their efficacy against diseases caused by oomycetes, particularly Phytophthora spp., in a wide range of horticultural and native plant species (Dalio et al., 2014; King et al., 2010). There are some reports showing that phosphites can also control fungal diseases such as brown spot in rice (Nascimento et al., 2016), scab in pecan (Bock, Brenneman, Hotchkiss, & Wood, 2013), Ceratocystis wilt in mango (Araujo et al., 2015), pitch canker in pine (Cerqueira et al., 2017), rust in coffee (Monteiro et al., 2016), anthracnose in common bean (Gadaga, Abreu, Resende, & Ribeiro Júnior, 2017) and white mould in both common bean and soybean (Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Brás, et al, 2018; Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Oliveira, et al, 2018; Novaes et al., 2019). Despite these reports, the effect of phosphites in bacterial diseases remains largely unknown.…”

“…This finding is consistent with decreases in A recorded in common bean plants infected with bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Díaz, Bassanezi, Godoy, Lopes, & Bergamin Filho, 2001), Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Polanco et al., 2014), Uromyces appendiculatus (Jesus Júnior et al., 2001), Pseudocercospora griseola (Jesus Júnior et al., 2001) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Brás, et al, 2018; Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Oliveira, et al, 2018). In the present study, decreases in A were linked to a decreased CO 2 influx as indicated by the lower C i /C a ratio, which was most likely a consequence of stomatal closure (lower g s ).…”

“…New alternatives for CBB management need to be explored. Phosphites have been reported to reduce the intensities of several diseases in many crops of economic importance (Araujo, Bispo, Rios, Fernandes, & Rodrigues, 2015; Araujo, Valdebenito‐Sanhueza, & Stadnik, 2010; Brackmann, Giehl, Sestari, & Steffens, 2004; Dianese, Blum, Dutra, & Lopes, 2009; Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Brás, Silveira, & Rodrigues, 2018; Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Oliveira, Hawerroth, & Rodrigues, 2018; Nojosa, Resende, Barguil, Moraes, & Vilas Boas, 2009; Peruch & Brunna, 2008; Smillie, Grant, & Guest, 1989). The infection process of pathogens can be directly affected by phosphites or by some host defence responses (e.g.…”

“…The infection process of pathogens can be directly affected by phosphites or by some host defence responses (e.g. production of phenolics, phytoalexins and lignin as well as high activities of chitinase, β ‐1,3‐glucanase, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase; Dalio, Fleischmann, Humez, & Osswald, 2014; Daniel & Guest, 2006; Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Brás, et al, 2018; Fagundes‐Nacarath, Debona, Oliveira, et al, 2018; Novaes, Debona, Fagundes‐Nacarath, Brás, & Rodrigues, 2019; Panicker & Gangadharam, 1999).…”