Phosphatidylcholine enrichment with medium chain fatty acids by immobilized phospholipase A₁‐catalyzed acidolysis

Abstract

Phospholipids are a biologically and industrially important class of compounds whose physical properties can be improved for diverse applications by substitution of medium-chain fatty acids for their native fatty acid chains. In this study, phosphatidylcholine (PC) was enriched with medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) by acidolysis with phospholipase A(1) (PLA(1) ) immobilized on Duolite A568. Response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of the molar ratio of substrates (PC to free MCFAs), enzyme loading, and reaction temperature on the incorporation of free MCFAs into PC and on PC recovery. Enzyme loading and molar ratio of substrates contributed positively, but temperature negatively, to the incorporation of free MCFAs into PC. Increases in enzyme loading and the molar ratio of PC to free MCFAs led to increased incorporation of the latter into the former, but increased temperature had the opposite effect. By contrast, an increase in enzyme loading led to decreased PC recovery. Increased temperature had also a negative effect on PC recovery. Optimal conditions for maximum incorporation and PC recovery were molar ratio of PC to free MCFAs of 1:16, enzyme loading of 16%, and 50°C. Under these conditions, the incorporation of free MCFAs was 41% and the PC recovery was 53%.

Optimization of the Synthesis of Structured Phosphatidylcholine with Medium Chain Fatty Acid

“…A column 460 57 mm was packed with 600 g of reagent grade silica 60-200 mesh, 150 Å ; free fatty acids were eluted with chloroform, while chloroform/methanol 65:35 v/v was used to elute the SPC, and pure methanol to elute LPC. SPC recovered was identified by HPLC, and its fatty acid composition was determined by GC, according to the method described previously 34 .…”

Enzymatic synthesis and modification of structured phospholipids: recent advances in enzyme preparation and biocatalytic processes

“…Previously, medium-chain saturated fatty acids were selected as exogenous fatty acids because they are rare in natural lecithins and improve the heat and oxidation stabilities of PLs (Adlercreutz et al 2002;Hama et al 2010Hama et al , 2011Ochoa et al 2013;Vikbjerg et al 2005aVikbjerg et al , b, 2006Vikbjerg et al , 2007. Apart from selecting the appropriate enzymes, factors affecting the equilibrium and efficiency of enzymatic transesterification of PLs are (i) the percentage of water, (ii) the acyl donor used, (iii) the solvent used, (iv) reaction time, and (v) temperature (Guo et al 2005).…”

Recent Research Trends on the Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Lipids

“…The reason is because bioavailability of FAs is greater in phospholipid form than in TAG form (Lemaitre‐Delaunay and others ). Table lists examples of recent studies to enzymatically prepare n ‐3 FA‐rich phosphatidylcholine (Li and others ; Zhao and others ) and MCFA‐rich phosphatidylcholine (Ochoa and others ; Kim and Yoon ). The researchers employed phospholipase‐catalyzed interesterification or acidolysis for the structural modification of phosphatidylcholine.…”