Phosphate removal and recovery from water using nanocomposite of immobilized magnetite nanoparticles on cationic polymer

Abstract

Highlights• Immobilization of magnetite nanoparticles on cationic polymer was synthesized.• Phosphate removal using magnetite based nanocomposites was tested.• Adsorption isotherms of phosphate at two pH; 5 and 7 were performed.• Different isotherms models were applied for experimental data fitting.• Regeneration and reusability of the magnetite based nanocomposites were carried out. Graphical Abstract 2 AbstractA novel nanocomposite based on magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) immobilized on the surface of the cationic exchange polymer, C100, using a modification of the coprecipitation method was developed to obtain magnetic nanocomposites (NCs) for phosphate removal and recovery from water. High resolution TEM-EDS, SEM, XRD, and ICP-OES were used to characterize the NCs. The continuous adsorption process by the so-called breakthrough curves was used to determine the adsorption capacity of the Fe3O4 based NC. The adsorption 3 capacity conditions were studied under different conditions (pH, phosphate concentration and concentration of NPs). The optimum concentration of iron in the NC for phosphate removal was 23.59 mgFe/gNC. The sorption isotherms of this material were performed at pHs 5 and 7.Taking into account the real application of this novel material in real water, the experiments were performed at pH 7, achieving an adsorption capacity higher than 4.9 mgPO4-P/gNC.Moreover, Freundlich, Langmuir and a combination of them fit the experimental data and were used for interpreting the influence of pH on the sorption and the adsorption mechanism for this novel material. Furthermore, regeneration and reusability of the nanocomposite were tested obtaining 97.5 % recovery of phosphate for the first cycle and at least 7 cycles of adsorptiondesorption were carried out with more than 40% of recovery. Thus, this work described a novel magnetic nanoadsorbent with promoting properties for phosphate recovery in wastewater.

Novel magnetic core–shell Ce–Ti@Fe3O4 nanoparticles as an adsorbent for water contaminants removal

“…2 In addition, nanotechnology can offer new products and process alternatives for water purication. 7 For instance, the use of CeO 2 , Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 NPs and magnetic nanocomposite 7 for the adsorption of cadmium 8 and phosphate 7,9 has been reported by our group. 4 Thus, the use of adsorbents nanomaterials has become an interesting way for the removal of various contaminants from drinking water 5 such as of heavy metals 6 and, in a minor extent, nutrients.…”

Synthesis and characterization of Ni (II), Cu (II), Fe (II) and Fe3O4 nanoparticle complexes with tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base ligand for antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic activity against cancer and normal cells

“…Among all the presently studied nano‐materials, magnetite is one of the most popular ones and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs) have a lengthily material studied because of specific characteristics such as shape, hydrophobicity, size distribution, surface chemistry, and superparamagnetic allowing them to be optimized for a specific function . Moreover, Fe 3 O 4 NPs offer a high potential of application in biomedical and bioengineering fields, such as cancer thermotherapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), labeling and sorting of cells, as well as separation of biomedical products . Among the practically used methods for the synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 NPs, the following main ones should be mentioned: co‐precipitation, solvothermal and Ionothermal .…”

“…In this technique, the initial solution including Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ salts is reduced with alkaline solution like NaOH or NH 3 .H 2 O. Usually, the reaction is intended with Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ratio equal to 1/2 that is sometimes partially varied in order to compensate for oxidation probability . However, the co‐precipitation or precipitation method shows difficulty to control the size distribution and prevent the aggregation of Fe 3 O 4 NPs due to the strong dipole–dipole magnetic attractions and interactions of the particles .…”

“…[20] Moreover, Fe 3 O 4 NPs offer a high potential of application in biomedical and bioengineering fields, such as cancer thermotherapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), labeling and sorting of cells, as well as separation of biomedical products. [21][22][23] Among the practically used methods for the synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 NPs, the following main ones should be mentioned: co-precipitation, [24,25] solvothermal [26,27] and Ionothermal. [28,29] The co-precipitation method is the most used technique to synthesize Fe 3 O 4 NPs because of its easy operation, lower reaction temperature and eco-friendly procedure.…”

“…Usually, the reaction is intended with Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ratio equal to 1/2 that is sometimes partially varied in order to compensate for oxidation probability. [21] However, the coprecipitation or precipitation method shows difficulty to control the size distribution and prevent the aggregation of Fe 3 O 4 NPs due to the strong dipole-dipole magnetic attractions and interactions of the particles. [31] Therefore, it is important to provide proper surface coating and developing some effective protection strategies to keep the stability of Fe 3 O 4 NPs.…”